Risk of Conversion to Dementia in a Mild Behavioral Impairment Group Compared to a Psychiatric Group and to a Mild Cognitive Impairment Group

TARAGANO, FERNANDO E.; ALLEGRI, RICARDO F.; HEISECKE, SILVINA L.; MARTELLI, MARÍA I.; FELDMAN, MÓNICA L.; SÁNCHEZ, VIVIANA; GARCÍA, VIRGINIA A.; TUFRO, GRACIELA; CASTRO, DIEGO M.; LEGUIZAMÓN, PATRICIO PEREZ; GUELAR, VERÓNICA; RUOTOLO, EVA; ZEGARRA, CECILIA; DILLON, CAROL

JOURNAL OF ALZHEIMER'S DISEASE

IOS PRESS

Año: 2018 vol. 62 p. 227 - 238

1387-2877

Background: There is insufficient available information on behavioral changes in the absence of cognitive impairment as factors increasing the risk of conversion to dementia.Objective: To observe and analyze patients with mild behavioral impairment (MBI), mild cognitive impairment (MCI), and a psychiatry group (PG) to compare the risk of progression to dementia.Methods: From 677 initially assessed ≥60-year-old patients, a series of 348 patients was studied for a five-year period until censoring or conversion to dementia: 96 with MBI, 87 with MCI, and 165 with general psychiatry disorders, including 4 subgroups: Anxiety, Depression, Psychosis and Others. All patients were assessed with clinical, psychiatric, neurological, neuropsychological, and neuroimaging studies.Results: From 348 patients, 126 evolved to dementia (36.2%). Conversion was significantly higher in MBI (71.5%), followed by the MCI-MBI overlap (59.6%) and MCI (37.8%) groups, compared to PG (13.9%) (Log-rank p < 0.001). MCI patients mostly converted to Alzheimer?s dementia, while MBI converted to frontotemporal dementia and Lewy body dementia. Patients in PG converted to Lewy body dementia and frontotemporal dementia.Conclusion: Conversion to dementia is significantly higher in patients with neuropsychiatric symptoms. The MBI concept generates a new milestone in the refining of diagnosis of neurodegenerative diseases and the possibility of creating neuropsychiatric profiles. Its earlier identification will allow new possibilities for therapeutic intervention.