Genomic Overview of Acquired Antibiotic Resistance Mechanisms in Lactobacillus

RODRÍGUEZ CECILIA; PETRELLI MARIA LUCIA; RAMIREZ MARIA SOLEDAD; CENTRON DANIELA; HEBERT ELVIRA MARIA; SAAVEDRA LUCILA

Lactobacillus Genomics and Metabolic Engineering

Caister Academic Press

Año: 2019; p. 187 - 206

In recent years, the number of antibiotic-resistant bacteria prevalent in clinical settings has risen,alarming both scientists and government agencies.Studies on the emergence and spread ofantibiotic resistance have focused mainly on bacteriaof clinical importance. However, commensaland environmental bacteria appear as a reservoirof the determinants of resistance to antibioticsfound in bacteria of clinical origin. In particular, thefood chain was proposed as the main route for theintroduction of resistant bacteria associated withanimals and the environment. The emergence ofantibiotic resistance can be attributed to several factors,such as the overuse of antibiotics both withinand outside of a clinical setting, random bacterialmutations leading to increased resistance, not completingthe course of an antibiotic prescription, andthe use of antibiotics in farming and agricultural.A summary of acquired antibiotic resistance genesto tetracycline, erythromycin and aminoglycosides and a genomic overview of these resistance genes in Lactobacillus is described in this chapter