Effects of natural ligands of PPARgamma on lipid metabolism in placental tissues from healthy and diabetic rats

CAPOBIANCO EVANGELINA; WHITE VERÓNICA; HIGA ROMINA; MARTÍNEZ NORA; JAWERBAUM ALICIA

MOLECULAR HUMAN REPRODUCTION.

OXFORD UNIVERSITY PRESS

Lugar: London, UK; Año: 2008 vol. 14 p. 491 - 499

1360-9947

The ligand-dependent nuclear receptor PPARg plays an important role in placental development and function. This study analysed the influence of natural PPARg ligands on placental lipid metabolism in control and diabetic rats after midpregnancy, as well as the concentrations of PPARg endogenous agonist 15deoxyD12,14Prostaglandin J2 (15dPGJ2). In vitro experiments showed that 15dPGJ2 do not regulate placental concentrations of triglycerides, cholesteryl esters, phospholipids and free fatty acids, but decreased the de novo synthesis of these lipid species, an anabolic pathway that was downregulated in the placenta from diabetic rats. PPAR agonists were administered in vivo through dietary supplementation with 6% olive oil and 6% safflower oil. These treatments led to increases in lipid mass in control tissues and more markedly in diabetic tissues, and also led to reductions in the de novo lipid synthesis both in control and diabetic tissues. The performed dietary treatments also upregulated the concentrations of 15dPGJ2 in placentas from control and diabetic rats, which were highly reduced in the placenta from diabetic rats fed with a standard diet. These data indicate that PPARg natural ligands regulate in the placenta the production of their own endogenous ligands, increase the capacity to accumulate maternal-derived lipids and downregulate the de novo lipid synthesis, metabolic pathways that are altered in the placenta from diabetic rats and may condition lipid transfer to be transferred to the developing fetus.