Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor pathways in diabetic rat decidua early after implantation: regulation by dietary polyunsaturated fatty acids

ROBERTI, SABRINA LORENA; GATTI, CINTIA ROMINA; CAPOBIANCO, EVANGELINA; HIGA, ROMINA; JAWERBAUM, ALICIA

REPRODUCTIVE BIOMEDICINE ONLINE

REPRODUCTIVE HEALTHCARE LTD

Año: 2022

1472-6483

Research question: Are peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR) pathways and moieties involved in histotrophic nutrition altered in the decidua of diabetic rats? Can diets enriched in polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) administered early after implantation prevent these alterations? Can these dietary treatments improve morphological parameters in the fetus, decidua and placenta after placentation?Design: Streptozotocin-induced diabetic Albino Wistar rats were fed a standard diet or diets enriched in n3- or n6-PUFAs early after implantation. Decidual samples were collected on day 9 of pregnancy. Fetal, decidual and placental morphological parameters were evaluated on day 14 of pregnancy.Results: On gestational day 9, PPARd levels showed no changes in the diabetic rat decidua compared with controls. In diabetic rat decidua, PPARa levels and the expression of its target genes Aco and Cpt1 had reduced. These alterations were prevented by the n6-PUFA-enriched diet. Levels of PPARg, the expression of its target gene Fas, lipid droplet number and perilipin 2 and fattyacid binding protein 4 levels increased in the diabetic rat decidua compared with controls. Diets enriched with PUFA prevented PPARg increase, but not the increased lipid-related PPARg targets. On gestational day 14, fetal growth, decidual and placental weight reduced in the diabetic group, and alterations prevented by the maternal diets were enriched in PUFAs.Conclusion: When diabetic rats are fed diets enriched in n3- and n6-PUFAs early after implantation, PPAR pathways, lipidrelated genes and proteins, lipid droplets and glycogen content in the decidua are modulated. This influences decidual histotrophic function and later feto-placental development.