INVESTIGADORES
POLTI Marta Alejandra
capítulos de libros
Título:
Bioremediation potential of the application of heavy-metal resistant actinobacteria and Zea mays plants onto polluted soil
Autor/es:
BENIMELI, CLAUDIA; POLTI, MARTA ALEJANDRA; ALBARRACÍN, VIRGINIA; ABATE; CARLOS MAURICIO; AMOROSO, MARÍA JULIA
Libro:
Biomanagement of Metal Contaminated Soils
Editorial:
Springer-Verlag
Referencias:
Año: 2011; p. 459 - 477
Resumen:
The screening and
characterization of metal resistant microorganisms and plants is important for
developing novel bioremediation and phytoremediation processes. In that sense,
the aims of this work were: a) to analyze the potentiality of copper and
chromium resistant actinomycetes strains to perform successful bioremediation
process in polluted soils; b) to study the effects of different Cu
concentrations on the root, shoot and leaf growth of maize and the copper
uptake and accumulation by the plants; c) to propose the use of maize crops as
bioindicators of the successful remediation process.
Our results
indicate the feasibility of using copper and chromium resistant actinobacteria
to efficiently bioremediate polluted soils. Four Cr resistant Streptomyces
strains were able to reduce up to 85-95% of Cr (VI) (50 mg kg-1) after 21 days
incubated in soil samples. In turn, the novel copper resistant actinobacterium
Amycolatopsis tucumanensis showed efficient copper bioimmobilization ability
when inoculated onto copper poluted soil microcosms: bioavailable Cu was 31%
lower in soil solution as compared to non-bioaugmented soil.
Conversely, Zea
mays plants probed to be interesting as both, biomarker and bioremediation
tools. The results obtained when using Z. mays as bioindicator of the
successful bioremediation process of A. tucumanensis in polluted soil
microcosms correlated well with the values obtained with chemical and physical
methods: 20 and 17% lower tissue contents of Cu were measured in roots and
leaves, respectively. Z. mays showed also a great capacity for copper
accumulation by roots, shoots and leaves which increased concomitant to the
metal concentration tested, reaching to 382 times more in roots, 157 in shoots and only 16 in leaves, compared to the
controls without CuSO4. As no alteration in plant morphology was observed, Z.
mays could have potential ability to accumulate Cu without being overly
sensitive to Cu toxicity.