Anti-AGES and antioxidant activities of Ilex paraguariensis: Comparative study of extracts from fruits and leaves

ALONSO MARÍA ROSARIO; COGOI LAURA; MARRASINI CARLA; SAINT MARTIN MALEN; FILIP ROSANA; ANESINI CLAUDIA

Montevideo

Simposio; 5to Simposio Iberoamericano de Ages; 2022

Universidad de la República Uruguay

IIex paraguariensis (Aquifoleaceae) is a plant that is cultivated in Argentina in the provinces of Misiones and northeast of Corrientes to obtain, from its leaves and young branches, the product known worldwide as "yerba mate", whose national trade represents 85- 90% of the total production. The most popular forms of consumption include infusion and decoction. Due to its nutritional, energizing, hypoglycemic, analgesic, diuretic, antiulcer, antirheumatic, digestive and antioxidant effects, yerba mate is used in food, pharmaceutical products and cosmetics and as a consequence of this it is included in the Argentine Food Code (CAA), in the Argentine Pharmacopoeia (FA) 7th Ed. (2003) and official codes of other countries. With regard to the yerba mate industry, the fruits of I. paraguariensis constitute a waste with no commercial value, which are separated so that the commercial product meets the specifications of the CAA and finally discarded and used simply as fertilizer, generating about 560 tons per year. On the other hand, oxidative stress is closely related to the glycation of proteins and the production of AGES, processes that lead to the alteration of proteins, lipids and nucleic acids, altering cell functionality and the appearance of diseases such as metabolic syndrome and cancer among others. The antioxidant and anti AGES action of the fruits of I. paraguariensis has not been previously studied.The objective of the present study was to determine the antioxidant and anti-AGEs activity of a decoction of I. paraguariensis fruits (F) and to compare these activities with those of the decoction of the leaves (H). The antioxidant activity was evaluated through the elimination of the DPPH radical and the inhibition of egg yolk lipid peroxidation (ILP). The anti-AGES activity was evaluated through the inhibition of the formation of fructosamine (IF), of β-amyloids (Iβ), of protein carbonylation (IC) and of the formation of AGES (IA), by visible spectroscopy, UV and fluorescence, in a bovine serum albumin (BSA) glycation model with 5% glucose. Polyphenols (flavonoids and caffeoylquinic acids) were also quantified by HPLC.