Transition metal ions in solid electrolytes. Ceramics and Glasses

TERNY, S.; MOLINA, M.C.; FRECHERO M. A.

Metal Oxide Defects: Fundamentals, Design, Development and Applications

Elsevier

Año: 2022;

Materials based on transition metal oxides are today as numerous as diverse. Crystalline or amorphous, pure, mixed or composites, macro, micro or nano-sized, in other words they are designed or applied in uncountable forms. Even more numerous are their applications considering their electrical, optical, thermal and mechanical behavior. Perhaps the great interest in them is due to the possibility of modifying their properties in different ways, intrinsically or extrinsically, including the modification of the number of defects in their structures, which confers them technological importance and unique functionalities. Their unique functionalities are even more numerous if one is able to modify them by the creation of ionic defects in a controlled way. It is well known that diverse functionalities can be obtained by creating oxygen vacancies, materials that have been applied in solid fuel cells for a long time. However, the creation of cation defects provides new and tunable properties that affect the material´s structure, phase transitions, electrical, magnetic and optical response up to such an extent that we can almost understand the microscopic rearrangement induced by the defects provoked.Therefore, considering the fundamental value of the knowledge related to the physical properties changes induced in transition metal oxides materials, in the this chapter we present a set of complex oxides firstly with crystalline structure NASICON-type and secondly, a set of phosphate and tellurite oxide glasses where the partial replacement of the cation content allows us to reveal how the strategical structural changes in the cation-oxygen bond spatial ordering permit to achieve an appropriate physical behavior. Particularly, in the examples presented we are interested in the improvement of the cationic conductivity since the synthetized materials are designed to function as solid electrolytes.