Effect of lactic acid bacteria on immune, metabolic parameters and intestinal microbiota composition in an obesity murine model.

FABERSANI, E; ROSS, GR; GAUFFIN CANO, PAOLA

Simposio; V SIMPOSIO INTERNACIONAL DE BACTERIAS LÁCTICAS (SIBAL); 2016

EFFECT OF LACTIC ACID BACTERIA ON IMMUNE-METABOLIC PARAMETERS AND INTESTINAL MICROBIOTA COMPOSITION IN AN OBESITY MURINE MODEL. E. Fabersani1; R. Ross2,3 and P. Gauffin Cano1,2 1CERELA-CONICET. Chacabuco 145. 4000 Tucumán, Argentina; 2UNSTA. 9 de Julio 165. 4000 Tucumán, Argentina. 3Fac. de Bioqca. Qca. y Fcia. de la UNT. Ayacucho 471, 4000, Tucumán, Argentina. E mail: pgauffinerela.org.arCurrently, obesity and its harmful comorbidities (type 2 diabetes, cancer, cardiovascular and respiratory diseases) are a major global public health concern, mainly due to the fact that the prevalence of these disorders is drastically increasing over time. So far, the underlying mechanisms involved in the development of these disorders have not been fully elucidated. However, it has been well established that three main factors (diet, genetics and intestinal microbiota) interact among them and establish the immune-metabolic profile that in turn determines the health and disease status of the host. In this context, strategies that seek to reduce immune-metabolic disorders associated with alteration of gut microbiota are crucial. Our aim was to evaluate the effect of two potential beneficial lactic acid bacteria (LAB) with different immunomodulatory capacity on metabolic and immunological parameters and on the composition of intestinal microbiota in a model of obesity induced by a high-fat diet (HFD). Balb/c mice were separated into the following groups: 1) SD: Standard diet, 2) HFD: High fat diet, 3) HFD+Lc431: mice receiving HFD and Lactobacillus casei CRL431 (108 CFU/day) and 4) HFD+Ll1434: mice receiving a HFD and Lactococcus lactis CRL1434 (108 CFU/ day). Strains were administered in the drinking water and dietary intervention was maintained for 6 weeks. Weight and food intake were monitored daily, while levels of triglyceride (TG), total cholesterol (TC), glucose (Glu), leptin (Lep), cytokines (TNFα, IL6, IL10) and chemokines (MCP-1) were determined in plasma at days 20 and 45. Furthermore, the composition of gut microbiota was evaluated by high-throughput sequencing of 16S rRNA gene amplicons.Body weight and the levels of Glu, TC, TG, Lep increased after the administration of HFD. The supplementation with Ll1434 strain partially or completely reverted the effects of HFD, while the supplementation with Lc431 strain showed no significant differences. Related to proinflammatory and regulatory cytokines, we observed an increase of IL-10 by Lactococcus lactis CRL1434 and IL-6 by Lactobacillus casei CRL431. The analysis of gut microbiota showed that the HFD produced an increase in the Firmicutes:Bacteroidetes ratio (F:B), as a result of an increased abundance of Firmicutes phylum and a reduced abundance of Bacteroidetes. The F:B ratio decreased in both group receiving LAB, and increases of the Bacteroides and Alistipes were observed. In conclusion, our results show that the two tested probiotic strains differentially modulated the intestinal microbiota and metabolic and immunological parameters in obese mice.