PLACENTAL OXIDATIVE STRESS CAUSED BY TWO DIFFERENT STRAINS OF TRYPANOSOMA CRUZI INDUCES TROPHOBLAST ALTERATIONS

TRIQUELL, M.F.; DÍAZ LUJAN, C.; MOREIRA ESPINOZA, M.J.; MEZZANO, L.; BENIZIO, E.; PIEGARI, M.; FRETES, R.E.

Bilbao

Congreso; VI INTERNATIONAL CONGRESS OF HISTOLOGY AND TISSUE ENGINEERING; 2015

SOCIEDAD ESPAÑOLA DE HISTOLOGIA E INGENIERIA TISULAR

Placenta is an organ physiologically exposed to high levels of oxidative stress and severalpathologies like preeclampsia, diabetes and infectious diseases exacerbate this condition. Trypanosoma cruzi (T. cruzi) is the causative agent of Chagas disease that could be transmitted in a low percentage from the Chagasic pregnant mother to the fetus trough the placenta. Nitric oxide (NO) and oxidative stress are mechanisms that prevent microorganism invasion and fetal infection, but the effect of these mechanisms in chagasic pregnancies and specifically in placental infection is actually unknown. Thus, the objective of the present work is to study the effect of oxidative stress caused by two different strains of T. cruzi in the placental tissue and their participation in the infection. Materials and Methods. Placental villi explants were co-cultured for 24 hs with 1x106 trypomastigotes of Tulahuen and Lucky strains (isolated from a congenital case) and with addition of endothelial Nitric Oxide Synthase (eNOS) inhibitor L-NAME (1mM, 0,1mM), addition of N-acetyl Cysteine (NAC) as reactive oxidant species (ROS) scavenger (5mM ? 10 mM) and addition of H2O2 (200 μM ? 500 μM). Controls: without parasites in similar conditions as above. Histological analysis and quantification of the detachment area ofSyncytiotrophoblast (STB) and eNOS and Nitrotyrosine expression were done. In culture media: quantification of NO (Griess), hCG with ELISA quimioluminiscence. Tissue homogenates: Gamaglutamiltranspeptidase (GGT) activity to measure oxidative stress. Real time PCR quantifying T. cruzi using TCZ primers was also performed. Results. The infection of placental villi with both strains of T. cruzi caused an increment in more than two fold NO production than control, eNOS RNA and protein expression and protein nitrosilation (p