Beneficial action of resveratrol: How and why?

DAIN A; EYNARD AR; REPOSSI G; DAS UN; DIAZ-GEREVINI GT; TARRÉS M

NUTRITION

ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC

Lugar: Amsterdam; Año: 2016 vol. 32 p. 174 - 178

0899-9007

Flavonoid resveratrol modulates the transcription factor NF-kB; inhibits the cytochrome P450isoenzyme CYP1 A1; suppresses the expression and activity of cyclooxygenase enzymes; andmodulates Fas/Fas-ligand-mediated apoptosis, p53, mammalian target of rapamycin, and cyclinsand various phosphodiesterases. This increases the cytosolic cAMP that activates Epac1/CaMKKb/AMPK/SIRT1/PGC-1a pathway, which in turn facilitates increased oxidation of fatty acids, mitochondrialbiogenesis, mitochondrial respiration, and gluconeogenesis. Resveratrol triggersapoptosis of activated T cells and suppresses tumor necrosis factor-a, interluekin-17 (IL-17), andother proinflammatory molecules, and thus is of benefit in autoimmune diseases. In addition,resveratrol inhibits expression of hypoxia-inducible factor-1a and vascular endothelial growthfactor, explaining its effective action against cancer. Brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) thatis involved in the pathogenesis of obesity, type 2 diabetes mellitus, and metabolic syndrome is alsoaltered in depression, schizophrenia, bipolar disorder, and autism. We noted that BDNF protectsagainst cytotoxic actions of alloxan, streptozotocin, and benzo(a)pyrene. Resveratrol preventsbisphenol A-induced autism, type 2 diabetes mellitus, and metabolic syndrome, suggesting that itmay augment BDNF synthesis and action. We also observed that BDNF levels are low in type 2diabetes mellitus and that BDNF enhances production of antiinflammatory lipid, lipoxin A4, whoselevels are low in diabetes mellitus. Thus, resveratrol may augment production of lipoxin A4.Resveratrol alters gut microbiota and influences stem cell proliferation and differentiation. Thesepleiotropic actions of resveratrol may explain the multitude of its actions and benefits