Multiscale modeling and control of infectious diseases

HERNANDEZ VARGAS, ESTEBAN ABELARDO; GONZÁLEZ, ALEJANDRO HERNÁN; FERRAMOSCA, ANTONIO

Paris

Workshop; 18th IFAC Workshop on Control Application of Optimization (CAO2022); 2022

Biomedical engineering is a multidisciplinary field linking the application of engineering principles and tools to medicine and biology for healthcare purposes. Furthermore, pharmaceutical companies have taken a strategic initiative to promote the use of modeling approaches within drug projects. The value of a model‐ based approach to drug development for improved efficiency and decision-making at preclinical development phases has been largely advocated. Drug administration is classically divided into two phases, a so-called pharmacokinetic (PK) phase that relates dose, frequency, and route of  administration to drug level‐time relationships in the body, and a pharmacodynamics (PD) phase that  relates the concentration  of the drug at the sites of action of the magnitude of the effects produced. This workshop aims to provide the basic principles of control, modeling, and biology to: understand biomedical engineeringprovide a vision of the applicability to infectious diseasesdevelop mathematical models and control strategies in medical applicationsThese contributions are meaningful because they allow building a systematic framework that can be applied to simulate, emulate, and control other diseases. Furthermore, recent modeling advances will be presented in different viral infections dissecting detailed contributions of key players to severe viral infections as well as their respective interactions are crucial for developing treatment strategies.  In the same manner, advances in fully‐automated systems for insulin release are discussed in detail; as well as current challenges in COVID‐19. The results that will appear in the workshop include simulations as well as rigorous mathematical analyses that guarantee control engineering strategies properties. Ultimately, simulations of PK/PD are introduced and discussed to evaluate dose‐concentration‐response and predict the effect‐time courses resulting from the treatment.Content:Introduction to biomedical systems and controlMathematical Modeling and Parameter fitting with differential evolution algorithmOptimal and suboptimal control strategies for infectious diseases at the host levelOptimal control for SIR-type systemsConcluding Remarks