Metal and Metalloids Bioaccumulation and Genotoxicity of Aquatic Macrophytes From Lakes Under Metallurgical Influence

IARA SOUZA; KRISTIAN SANTOS; JULIETA GRIBOFF; ALICE SILVA; IASMINI GALTER; SARA SANTOS; MAGDALENA MONFERRAN; DANIEL WUNDERLIN; MARISA FERNANDES; SILVIA MATSUMOTO

Montevideo

Congreso; SETAC Latin America 15th Biennial Meeting; 2023

SETAC Latin America

Pollution is defined as any change in the composition and characteristics of the environment that causes disturbances in ecosystems and the biota. Aquatic plants are widely used as bioindicators of water quality, playing a very important role in this process. Due to these characteristics, macrophytes are used for monitoring aquatic environments. The objective of this work was to determine the metal and metalloids occurrence in water and sediment, bioaccumulation and genotoxic potential in leaves and roots of three species of aquatic macrophytes collected in three lakes (1) Carapebus (P1, P2 and P3), (2) Juara (P1, P2 and P3) (3) Maembá (P1, P2 and P3) and in (4) artificial lakes in Alegre (P1 and P2). Samples of leaves and roots of Typha angustifolia L. were collected in Carapebus and Alegre P2; Eichhornia crassipes in Juara and Alegre P1 and Nymphea alba in Maembá. Generalized procrustes analysis (GPA) of studied parameters from each sampling site and the macrophyte analysed showed spatial differences in which the correlation with metals bioaccumulated and genotocity were observed. Spearman`s rank correlation was applied for each specie. Considering the Eichhornia crassipes macrophyte, Alegre P1 showed the higher levels of metals and metalloids. In Alegre P1 the genotoxicity of leaves showed correlation with Mn bioccumulated in leaves and Cu and Ni bioaccumulated in root. The root genotoxicity were correlated with Al, Ti, V, Cu, Y, Mo, Ba, La, Ce in leaves and Mn, As, Se, Mo, Cd, Ba, W in roots. For Typha angustifolia L., Alegre P2 showed the higher levels of metals and metalloids. The genotoxicity in leaves were correlated with Ti, Mn, Ni, Rb, Y, Ba, Ce in leaves and with Ti, Ni, Se, Rb, Nb, Ba, Cd, W in roots. Root genotoxicity were correlated with Al, Ti, V, Cu, Y, Mo, Ba, La, Ce in leaves and Mn, As, Se, Mo, Cd, Ba, W in roots. For Nymphea alba, collected only in Maembá, the metal and metalloids bioaccumulation were higher in P2 followed by P1 and P3. The genotoxicity in leaves were correlated with Pb in root and the genotoxicty in roots were correlated with As in root. Thus, it is possible to confirm the presence of genotoxic alterations correlated with the metals presence in these ecosystems.