Obtención de plantas a partir de anteras de espárrago (Asparagus officinalis L.).

MUÑOZ, S.; ESPÓSITO, M.A.; CRAVERO, V.; GARCÍA, S; LÓPEZ ANIDO, F.; COINTRY, E

Revista de Investigaciones de la Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias

Año: 2006 vol. 9 p. 39 - 46

1515-9116

The F1’s hybrids shown a higher yield than traditional populations due to heterosis but the conventional production techniques are a slow process. The anthers culture produce homozygous females (mm) and male plants (MM) depending on the genotype used. The aim of this work was to identify from a group of 14 elite males genotypes, those with the ability to regenerate plantlets from anthers. The anthers were placed on MS medium supplemented with 2 mg.l-1 of ANA and 1 mg.l-1 of BAP and transferred to a MS medium with 0.1 mg.l-1 of ANA, 0.1 mg.l-1 of KIN and 0.65 mg.l-1 of ancymidol for their regeneration. The androgenetic response (AR) was evaluated as the relation between the number of regenerated callus and the total of anthers placed and the regeneration rate (RT) as the relation between the number of shoots regenerated and the total of anthers placed. It was also estimated the proportion of rooting (TE). Statistical analyses were performed using Chi-square test for AR and it was done a Cluster’s Analysis to assemble homogeneous genotypes towards a similar AR and RT. Significant difference for AR between genotypes (c2=1026.9; p<0.001) were found. 32 % of callus produced were yellow; 49.6 % were green and the rest brown. Only yellow callus regenerate plantlets in a percentage of 29.1 shown significant differences between genotypes (c2=186.8; p<0.001). The rooting percentage was 82.1. Four groups with different characteristics were established. The efficiency of the method was 7 % for the genotypes 461, 664, 700 and 894. 40 % of the regenerated plantlets were haploids, which let us conclude that from them we can derivate lines for the production of simple hybrids.