Panax ginseng extract reduces Staphylococcus aureus internalization into bovine mammary epithelial cells but does not affect macrophages phagocytic activity.

BECCARIA C; SILVESTRINI P; RENNA MS; ORTEGA HH; CALVINHO LF; DALLARD BE; BARAVALLE C

MICROBIAL PATHOGENESIS

ACADEMIC PRESS LTD-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD

Lugar: Amsterdam; Año: 2018 vol. 122 p. 63 - 72

0882-4010

Panax ginseng extract (PGe) has been shown to possess immunomodulatory effects in healthy dairy cows at dryingoff and to trigger an adequate immune response to protect from an experimental intramammary infection (IMI) withStaphylococcus aureus in a murine model. S. aureus is one of the major pathogens isolated from bovine IMI; beingcapable to invade and survive within mammary epithelial cells. However, the precise mechanism by which PGeinteracts with bovine mammary epithelial cells (MAC-T) and bovine macrophages in the course of a S. aureus infectionremains unclear. We evaluated the effect of PGe on MAC-T cytokine response and on the internalization of S. aureusinto MAC-T. In addition, we evaluated the effect of PGe on the phagocytic activity of macrophages isolated frombovine mammary secretions. Results shown that MAC-T cells TLR4 and NF-κB mRNA expression was not affected byPGe at all evaluated times. IL-6 mRNA expression and protein level and IL-4 protein level were significantly induced inMAC-T treated with 3 mg/ml of PGe. PGe at 3 mg/ml reduced significantly the internalization of two S. aureus strainsin MAC-T. In addition, PGe did not affect the percentage of phagocytosis and the NO and ROS production ofmacrophages co-cultured with two strains of S. aureus. These results, obtained in in vitro models together with thoseobtained in in vivo previous studies carried out in bovines and mice can contribute to improve the understanding of theeffects of PGe following inoculation in bovine mammary glands.