Dietary fatty acids and the time elapsed from their intake are related to their composition in rat submandibular gland and salivary flow rates.

ESCANDRIOLO NACKAUZI J; REPOSSI G; BERNAL C; ACTIS AB; GALLARÁ R

CLINICAL ORAL INVESTIGATIONS.

SPRINGER HEIDELBERG

Lugar: HEIDELBERG; Año: 2020 vol. 24 p. 4123 - 4131

1432-6981

OBJECTIVE: to analyze the influence of different dietary fatty acids (FAs) and the time elapsed from their intake on FA tissue profile of rat submandibular gland (SG) and on its salivary flow rate (SFR).METHODS: 36 healthy adult male Wistar rats were fed on a control diet containing corn oil (CD; rich in 18:2 n-6 FA) for 7 days and then divided into three dietary groups: CD and two experimental groups in which the corn oil was replaced by olive (OD; rich in 18:1 n-9 FA) or chia (ChD; rich in 18:3 n-3 FA) oils, respectively. Rats were fed on these diets for 1 and 30 days (CD1, CD30, OD1, OD30, ChD1 and ChD30 groups). After anaesthesia, the submandibular ducts were canalized. Salivary secretion was induced and then collected for 20 minutes (microL/min). Right and left SG (n= 72) were immediately removed. Samples were stored at -80 °C until processing. SG samples were processed and examined through optical and electron microscopes. Images were analyzed by means of the Image J 1.48 software. The Student´s t and Kruskal Walllis tests were applied (p igual o menor 0.05). RESULTS: SFR values were 6.18±0.34, 6.04±0.31 and 6.00±0.50 in CD1, OD1 and ChD1 groups, respectively (p mayor 0.05). At 30-day intake, higher SFR values in ChD (7.82±0.7) with respect to CD (4.68±0.44; p menor 0.001) and to OD (6.08±0.2; p=0.038) were found. In addition, ChD30 showed a higher serous acinous area percentage than CD30 and OD30 whereas the mucous acinous density was greater in CD30 than in OD30 and ChD30 (p menor 0.05). alpha-linolenic (ALA), eicosapentaenoic and docosahexaenoic acid levels were only detected in SG of ChD30 while arachidonic acid was lower in this group as compared with CD30 and OD30 (p menor 0.05).CONCLUSIONS: these results suggest that submandibular gland FA composition and its SFR are modulated by dietary FAs and the time elapsed from their consumption. SFR is highest with n-3 ALA-rich ChD at 30-day intake.