Cytodifferentiation and Cell Organization in the Somatic Embryogenesis of Wheat (Triticum-Aestivum L)

ORTIZ, JPA; FAMA, G; VALLEJOS, RH; DEHALAC, IN

Biocell (Mendoza)

Facultad de Ciencias Médicas, U.N.Cuyo

Lugar: Mendoza; Año: 1996 vol. 20 p. 61 - 66

Somatic embryogenesis of immature embryos in wheat (Triticum aestivum cv. Buck Ombú) were observed using histological methods after 3, 7, 30, 60 and 360 days in culture. Cell divisions appear after 3 days in induction medium with 2-4D, on the tissues of the plumule, on the radicula and on the scutellum. Globular proembryos were visible on the callus surface, and meristematic nodules were observed in differen areas of the explants on day 7 of culture. The callus is dorsiventral with friable and nodular structure. Cells on the original tissue function as proembryogenic determined cells (PEDCs). The  morphology of somatic embryos after 30 days in culture closely resembles that of the zygotic type. Embryogenicity is lost after 60 days in culture, and old calli after 360 days in culture, show rigns of small cells surrounded by senescent cells.