INVESTIGADORES
MERILES Jose Manuel
artículos
Título:
Soybean fungal soil-borne diseases: a parameter for measuring the effect of agricultural intensification on soil health
Autor/es:
PEREZ BRANDÁN, C.; HUIDOBRO, J; GRUMBERG B.; SCANDIANNI M.M.; LUQUE A.G.; MERILES J.M.; VARGAS GIL S.
Revista:
CANADIAN JOURNAL OF MICROBIOLOGY
Editorial:
NATL RESEARCH COUNCIL CANADA-N R C RESEARCH PRESS
Referencias:
Lugar: Otawa; Año: 2014 vol. 60 p. 73 - 84
ISSN:
0008-4166
Resumen:
The aim of this study was to investigate the influence of agricultural intensification on soil microbial diversity,
chemical and physical parameters, and the decrease of the incidence of sudden death syndrome (Fusarium crassistipitatum) and
charcoal rot (Macrophomina phaseolina) in soybean. Soils under different management systems were evaluated during 2 crop
cycles: soybean monoculture for 24 and 11 years, soybean?maize rotation for 15 and 4 years, 1 year of soybean, and native
vegetation. The incidence of both soil-borne diseases was higher under monoculture than under rotation. Increased populations
of potential biocontrol agents (Trichoderma spp., Gliocladium spp., fluorescent pseudomonads) were associated with rotation
treatments, especially in 2010?2011. The comparison of agricultural vs. native vegetation soil and the average of agricultural
cycles showed that microbial biomass carbon and glomalin-related soil protein were higher in the rotation system than in
monoculture (50% and 77%, respectively). Furthermore, from the community-level functional diversity (Biolog Eco plates),
McIntosh index showed lower functional diversity in monoculture than in rotation and native vegetation plots. Agricultural
intensification reduced microbial biomass carbon, glomalin-related soil protein, organic matter, total nitrogen, aggregate
stability, and yield, and increased bulk density. Soil quality degradation was associated with the establishment of soil-borne
pathogens and increased soybean plant susceptibility to disease.Fusarium crassistipitatum) and
charcoal rot (Macrophomina phaseolina) in soybean. Soils under different management systems were evaluated during 2 crop
cycles: soybean monoculture for 24 and 11 years, soybean?maize rotation for 15 and 4 years, 1 year of soybean, and native
vegetation. The incidence of both soil-borne diseases was higher under monoculture than under rotation. Increased populations
of potential biocontrol agents (Trichoderma spp., Gliocladium spp., fluorescent pseudomonads) were associated with rotation
treatments, especially in 2010?2011. The comparison of agricultural vs. native vegetation soil and the average of agricultural
cycles showed that microbial biomass carbon and glomalin-related soil protein were higher in the rotation system than in
monoculture (50% and 77%, respectively). Furthermore, from the community-level functional diversity (Biolog Eco plates),
McIntosh index showed lower functional diversity in monoculture than in rotation and native vegetation plots. Agricultural
intensification reduced microbial biomass carbon, glomalin-related soil protein, organic matter, total nitrogen, aggregate
stability, and yield, and increased bulk density. Soil quality degradation was associated with the establishment of soil-borne
pathogens and increased soybean plant susceptibility to disease.Macrophomina phaseolina) in soybean. Soils under different management systems were evaluated during 2 crop
cycles: soybean monoculture for 24 and 11 years, soybean?maize rotation for 15 and 4 years, 1 year of soybean, and native
vegetation. The incidence of both soil-borne diseases was higher under monoculture than under rotation. Increased populations
of potential biocontrol agents (Trichoderma spp., Gliocladium spp., fluorescent pseudomonads) were associated with rotation
treatments, especially in 2010?2011. The comparison of agricultural vs. native vegetation soil and the average of agricultural
cycles showed that microbial biomass carbon and glomalin-related soil protein were higher in the rotation system than in
monoculture (50% and 77%, respectively). Furthermore, from the community-level functional diversity (Biolog Eco plates),
McIntosh index showed lower functional diversity in monoculture than in rotation and native vegetation plots. Agricultural
intensification reduced microbial biomass carbon, glomalin-related soil protein, organic matter, total nitrogen, aggregate
stability, and yield, and increased bulk density. Soil quality degradation was associated with the establishment of soil-borne
pathogens and increased soybean plant susceptibility to disease.Trichoderma spp., Gliocladium spp., fluorescent pseudomonads) were associated with rotation
treatments, especially in 2010?2011. The comparison of agricultural vs. native vegetation soil and the average of agricultural
cycles showed that microbial biomass carbon and glomalin-related soil protein were higher in the rotation system than in
monoculture (50% and 77%, respectively). Furthermore, from the community-level functional diversity (Biolog Eco plates),
McIntosh index showed lower functional diversity in monoculture than in rotation and native vegetation plots. Agricultural
intensification reduced microbial biomass carbon, glomalin-related soil protein, organic matter, total nitrogen, aggregate
stability, and yield, and increased bulk density. Soil quality degradation was associated with the establishment of soil-borne
pathogens and increased soybean plant susceptibility to disease.