Gastroschisis and young mothers: What makes them different from other mothers of the same age

RITTLER M, CAMPAÑA H, JORGE LOPEZ CAMELO, GILI JA, POLETTA FA, PAWLUK MS, GIMÉNEZ LG, COSENTINO VR, CASTILLA EE, LÓPEZ-CAMELO JS.

BIRTH DEFECTS RESEARCH PART A-CLINICAL AND MOLECULAR TERATOLOGY

WILEY-LISS, DIV JOHN WILEY & SONS INC

Lugar: New York; Año: 2015 vol. 103 p. 536 - 543

1542-0752

BackgroundAlthough young maternal agehas been identified as a risk factor for gastroschisis, its role remainsundisclosed. To our knowledge, the differences between young mothers of infantswith gastroschisis and young mothers of infants with other pregnancy outcomeshave not been established. The aim of this work was to compare characteristicsof young mothers whose newborn had gastroschisis with same aged mothers ofmalformed and nonmalformed control infants, diagnosed within the ECLAMCmaternity hospital network.MethodsData base records of liveand stillborn infants of one of three groups (with isolated gastroschisis, with1 of 5 other isolated birth defects, and nonmalformed), and whose mothers wereyounger than 20 years, were selected. Secular trends were obtained for allbirth defects; frequencies and odds ratios (OR) of demographic and reproductivevariables were compared among the 3 groups. Significantly associated variableswere adjusted with a multivariate regression.ResultsThe association was higherwith gastroschisis 1) than with other birth defects for African ancestry,smoking, adequate prenatal control and diagnosis 2) than with nonmalformedcontrols for maternal illnesses and alcohol 3) and than both for previouspregnancy loss and medication, mainly sex hormones. After adjustment, onlyprevious pregnancy loss maintained its significance when compared withmalformed (OR = 2.34; 1.37?3.97; P = 0.002), as well as withnonmalformed (OR = 3.43; 2.07?5.66; P < 0.001) controls.ConclusionA previous pregnancy losswas identified as the main risk factor for gastroschisis, while an increaseduse of sex hormones, perhaps related to the previous loss, could trigger adisruptive mechanism, due to their thrombophilic effect. Birth DefectsResearch (Part A) 103:536?543, 2015. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.