DATA FUSION APPLIED TO THE PHOTODEGRADATION STUDY OF CIPROFLOXACIN USING A TANDEM DETECTION SYSTEM (UV-VIS AND FLUORESCENCE) AND MULTIVARIATE CURVE RESOLUTION

M. F. RAZUC; M. GARRIDO; B. S. FERNÁNDEZ BAND

Córdoba (Argentina)

Otro; 1ª Reunión Internacional de Ciencias Farmacéuticas; 2010

Ciprofloxacin is a synthetic fluoroquinolone derivate which has broad-spectrum activity against many gram-negative and gram-positive pathogenic bacteria, via the inhibition of the DNA gyrase responsible of DNA preservation.   It is partially metabolized, but principally is eliminated unchanged via kidney. Consequently, a high amount of this compound is released into the environment through biological waste of humans and animals, which can cause environmental and food pollution (1). Moreover, these species may undergo changes in their chemical structure due to environmental factors, giving rise to products with different characteristics to the parent species, and whose polluting action must be taken into account. This paper presents an exploratory study of the photochemical degradation of ciprofloxacin in order to monitor the reaction throughout the time and understand the kinetic of the photodegradation under different conditions. The proposed method is a simulation of the effect of the environment as a time function, and a rapid information is obtained through Chemometric, avoiding the separation techniques commonly used to study this kind of reactions. The photodegradation of ciprofloxacin was studied at different pH using a continuous flow system under ultraviolet radiation. The UV source was a 15 W germicidal lamp (max. 254 nm). Photodegradation reaction (20 min) was monitored by UV-Vis and fluorescence in a tandem arrangement (diode array detectors). Spectra (200 to 500 nm for UV-Vis and 370 to 800 nm for fluorescence) were recorded at steps of 4 s and then analyzed by multivariate curve resolution-alternating least squares (MCR-ALS) algorithm (2). Data obtained by UV-Vis and fluorescence were processed by MCR-ALS using the so called “data fusion” approach, i.e. the data were simultaneously analyzed. MCR-ALS made it possible to obtain the concentration profiles of the species involved in the reaction and the corresponding pure spectra (both UV-Vis and fluorescent).  From the results it can be seen the typical degradation profile of ciprofloxacin and also the presence of four photodegradation products. Three of them are intermediate products and the forth is the final pruduct. All the species have different UV-Vis spectra. However, fluorescence spectra related to ciprofloxacin and the first two intermediate products are quite similar. The third intermediate product has a different fluorescence spectra and the final product is not fluorescent. From the results also it can be seen that the fotodegradation was more effective at higher pH. These preliminary results are promissory as a start point to study the kinetic degradation of the fluoroquinilones in several media. The fusion of UV-Vis and fluorescence data by MCR-ALS makes it possible to study the kinetic of ciprofloxacin degradation. The proposed method constitutes a fast and reliable technique for obtaining both pure spectra and concentration profiles over time of ciprofloxacin and its photodegradation products, avoiding separation techniques.