Plant growth promoting compounds produced by two agronomically important strains of Azospirillum brasilense, and their implications for inoculant formulation.

D. PERRIG, L. BOIERO, O. MASCIARELLI, C. PENNA, F. CASSAN AND V. LUNA

APPLIED MICROBIOLOGY AND BIOTECHNOLOGY

Springer

Lugar: New York; Año: 2007 p. 1143 - 1150

0175-7598

We evaluated phytohormone and polyamine biosynthesis, siderophore production, and phosphate solubilization in two strains (Cd and Az39) of Azospirillum brasilense used for inoculant formulation in Argentina during the last twenty years. Siderophore production and phosphate solubilization were evaluated in chemically defined medium, with negative results. Indole 3-acetic acid (IAA), gibberellic acid (GA3), and abscisic acid (ABA) production were analyzed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). Ethylene, polyamine, and zeatin biosynthesis were determined by Gas Chromatography-Flame Ionization Detector (GC-FID), High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC-fluorescence and UV, respectively). Phytohormones AIA, zeatin, GA3, ABA, ethylene, and growth regulators putrescine, spermine, spermidine, and cadaverine were found in culture supernatant of both strains. IAA, zeatin, and GA3 were found in all two strains; however, their levels were significantly higher (p< 0.01) in Cd (10.8; 2.32; 0.66 ug ml-1). ABA biosynthesis was significantly higher (p< 0.01) in Az39 (0.077 ug ml-1). Ethylene and polyamine cadaverine were found in all two strains, with highest production in Cd cultured in NFb plus L-methionine (3.94 ng ml-1 h-1) and Az39 cultured in NFb plus L-lysine (36.55 ng ml-1 h-1). This is the first report on evaluation of important bioactive molecules in strains of A. brasilense, potentially capable of direct plant growth promotion or agronomic yield increase. Az39 and Cd showed differential capability to produce the five major phytohormones and cadaverine in chemically defined medium. This finding fact has important technological implications for inoculant formulation, since different concentrations of growth regulators are produced by different strains or culture conditions.