Pharmacogenetics and personalized treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus

PABLO YANG; VERONICA OJEDA HEREDIA; DANTE MIGUEL BELTRAMO; NESTOR SORIA

INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF DIABETES IN DEVELOPING COUNTRIES

MEDKNOW PUBLICATIONS

Lugar: New Dehli; Año: 2016

0973-3930

ABSTRACT Background and Objective: Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is one of the most prevalent diseases in the world. An important difference in effectiveness and toxicity of hypoglycemic agents has been associated with the presence of genetic variants in people with T2DM. Design and methods: We conducted a literature review up November 2015 by combining keywords such as Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus, hypoglycemic agents and pharmacogenetics (PKG). Results: metformin, sulfonylureas, and meglitinides drugs are widely used for the T2DM treatment, although new drugs in combination with metformin are administered as hypoglycemic agents. Genetic variants in numerous proteins that function as carriers, channels or metabolizing enzymes affect both the pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of these hypoglycemic agents. Conclusions: significant progress in T2DM´s Pharmacogenetics have been made, however, more studies involving a larger number of patients from different ethnic groups must be done. Furthermore, patients with T2DM generally are complex patients receiving hypolipidemic and hypotensive medications. Drug-drug interaction studies between these drugs must be done to really know the contribution of each polymorphism in drugs effectiveness and / or toxicity.