INVESTIGADORES
ALVAREZ Luis Ignacio
artículos
Título:
Disposition kinetics of ivermectin and nitroxynil coadministered by subcutaneous route in sheep: influence of body condition
Autor/es:
MORENO, L.; CEBALLOS, L.; ALVAREZ, L.; BISTOLETTI, M.; LIFSCHITZ, A.; LANUSSE, C.
Revista:
RESEARCH IN VETERINARY SCIENCE
Editorial:
ELSEVIER SCI LTD
Referencias:
Año: 2010 vol. 88 p. 315 - 320
ISSN:
0034-5288
Resumen:
The effect of age/body weight in the plasma disposition
kinetics of ivermectin (IVM) and nitroxynil (NTX) after their co-administration
as a combined formulation to sheep was studied. Sixteen (16) male sheep were allocated
into two experimental groups (n=8 each): a) high body weight (high bw) (18-20
months old), and b) low body weight (low bw) (6-8 months old). Animals on both groups were subcutaneously (sc)
treated with IVM (200 µg/kg) and NTX (10 mg/kg) using a
commercially available combined formulation (NitromectinÒ,
Lab. Ovejero, Spain). Blood samples were taken by jugular venopuncture before (time
0) and at 2, 4, 8, 12, h and at 1, 2, 3, 5, 7, 10, 15, 20, 25, 35, 40, 50
and 60 days after administration. Recovered plasma was analysed to quantify IVM
and NTX by HPLC. Higher IVM plasma concentrations were measured until 20 days
post-administration in low bw compared to high bw animals, where IVM was recovered
up to 35 days post-treatment. The IVM absorption process greatly differed between experimental groups. A
significantly higher (p<0.01) Cmax (36.7±7.52 ng/ml) value was
obtained at a delayed (p<0.05) Tmax
(48.0±0.0 h) in light compared to heavy (Cmax: 8.0±0.80 ng/ml; at
34.0 h) body weight sheep. IVM
elimination half-life and mean residence time were significantly shorter in
light compared to heavy (older) sheep. NTX
mean plasma concentrations were lower in low bw compared to those measured in
high bw sheep, with elimination phases declining up to 60 d
post-administration in both experimental groups. The NTX AUC value in
low bw (1188.5±122.6 µg·day/ml) was significantly lower (p<0.05) than that
obtained in the high bw and older
animals (1735.0±155.8 µg·day/ml). Shorter NTX elimination half-life and
mean residence time (p<0.01)
were obtained in the youngest (low bw) compared to the oldest (high bw) sheep.
The work reported here assessed for the
first time the disposition of IVM and NTX after their combinated injection to sheep,
demonstrating that animal body
weight/development greatly affects the kinetic behaviour of both anthelmintic
drugs.