Effects of Tessaria absinthioides aqueous extract in murine melanoma.

PERSIA FA; GAMARRA LUQUES C; GÓMEZ L; SOSA LOCHEDINO A; HAPON MB

San Luis

Encuentro; XXXVII REUNIÓN CIENTIFICA ANUAL DE LA SOCIEDAD DE BIOLOGÍA DE CUYO; 2019

Sociedad de Biología de Cuyo

Melanoma is a very aggressive tumor that relies on the activity of multiple signaling pathways for their growth, survival and propagation, and adapt quickly to new treatments becoming resistant. Mentioned characteristics make melanoma one of the most aggressive and therapy-resistant cancers. Therefore, finding new treatments to improve patient outcomes is an ongoing effort. We previously demonstrated that Tessaria absinthioides aqueous extract (TaAE) displayed cytotoxic effects against several human cancer cell lines (HeLa, Gli-67, HCT-116, MCF-7) and exerted antitumoral effects in rodents with induced colorectal cancer. The goal of the present work is to demonstrate in vitro and in vivo TaAE activity against melanoma. By the use of B16F0 murine melanoma cell line, we evidenced that TaAE induced changes in proliferation using MTT assay, in a dose-response experimental design, for 48 h. In vitro, median dose (Dm), defined as the dose producing a response of 50 percent, was calculated with Compusyn Software to estimate treatment potency. Moreover, the same cell line was subcutaneously inoculated in C57BL6/wt mice to prove the antitumoral effects of TaAE, orally administrated, at doses of 150 mg/animal/day, for 22 days. Carboplatin (Cbp) was used as chemotherapic treatment control. In culture, TaAE treatment induces a dose-dependent reduction in proliferation, calculated Dm was 14.25 µg/ml (Cbp Dm = 73.19 µg/ml). In vivo, oral treatment induces delayed tumor detection (Mean = 14 days), reduce tumoral volume doubling time (3.09 days) and diminish the final tumor volume (2.19 cm3). Always, mice TaAE treated evidence improved values in relation to untreated (Mean = 12 days; DT = 2.96 days; Vol = 4.75 cm3) and Cbp treated animals (Mean = 13 days; DT = 2.36 days; Vol = 3.55 cm3). Resuming, TaAE demonstrates in vitro and vivo anti-melanoma effects. Moreover, measured effects in subcutaneous tumors evidence the capability of compounds present in the aqueous extract to be absorbed in the digestive system and to circulate to determine systemic antitumoral activity. Together, obtained results support the research of TaAE as a natural compound effective in cancer treatment. Further studies need to describe the cellular and molecular intermediaries of mentioned effects.