CONICET | Buscador de Institutos y Recursos Humanos

El paisaje de la cuenca media e inferior del río Salado es un escenario en el cual grupos cazadores recolectores pescadores se asentaron durante casi 2.000 años construyendo un paisaje particular en donde la gente interactuaba, adquiría y trasmitía conocimientos, permanecía en los asentamientos por tiempos prolongados, extendía vínculos sociales y desarrollaba redes amplias de comunicación. Estos grupos tomaron diferentes decisiones con relación al empleo de determinadas tecnologías y a los roles que ellas jugaron dentro de la sociedad. Por un lado la cuenca del río Salado no cuenta con fuentes ni primarias ni secundarias para el aprovisionamiento local de roca y toda la roca presente proviene de largas distancias. Hay abastecimiento mayoritario desde Tandilia y Ventania pero también casos puntuales de materias primas traídas de la costa atlántica y de afloramientos de Uruguay que señalan estrategias de interacción. En cambio en este ambiente los grupos tenían acceso directo a los montes de tala y a otras especies que lo acompañan; a los recursos acuáticos: peces, aves, coipo y sus productos derivados tales como plumas y cueros; además, contaban con la posibilidad de manufacturar alfarería dada por la presencia de agua, barros y madera. Los fragmentos de alfarería analizados fueron utilizados para cocinar, contener o almacenar productos diversos, lo más seguro es la preparación de comidas que contaban como ingrediente básico la carne y en las de almacenamiento algún tipo de aceite (grasa en estado líquido) o quizá productos vegetales. En cuanto a las técnicas de ejecución de los diseños de los fragmentos decorados estudios preliminares con estereomicroscopio sobre materiales experimentales y arqueológicos develan el uso potencial de distintos instrumentos (espinas de pez, dientes de nutria y ramas de tala) y distintos gestos técnicos para realizar diferentes formas de grabados decorativos sobre la pasta en estado de cuero. El número de recipientes, la calidad de su confección, la diversidad de su decoración, las formas y tamaños recuperados sugieren una elaboración y un almacenaje de alimentos cuya escala podría no ser necesariamente doméstica y emplearse en un contexto social más amplio. También parte de estos alimentos cocinados y almacenados pudieron ser parte del intercambio. La escala sobre el uso del espacio que interpretamos por el análisis de las materias primas presentes en las colecciones del río Salado indica movimientos a largas distancias. Asimismo planteamos que los diseños decorativos de las vasijas que se extienden por la zona del litoral uruguayo, por el norte del litoral bonaerense y el resto de la región pampeana son muy similares y sus diseños estandarizados. El contexto analizado en este trabajo señalaría la existencia de sociedades cazadoras recolectoras pescadoras de baja movilidad con el empleo intensivo de recursos locales y el desarrollo de redes amplias de interacción e intercambio. &lt;!-- /* Font Definitions */ @font-face {font-family:Courier; panose-1:0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0; mso-font-charset:0; mso-generic-font-family:modern; mso-font-format:other; mso-font-pitch:fixed; mso-font-signature:3 0 0 0 1 0;} @font-face {font-family:Wingdings; panose-1:5 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0; mso-font-charset:2; mso-generic-font-family:auto; mso-font-pitch:variable; mso-font-signature:0 268435456 0 0 -2147483648 0;} @font-face {font-family:"Times New Roman Negrita"; panose-1:0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0; mso-font-charset:0; mso-generic-font-family:roman; mso-font-format:other; mso-font-pitch:variable; mso-font-signature:3 0 0 0 1 0;} @font-face {font-family:"ZapfHumnst BT"; panose-1:0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0; mso-font-charset:0; mso-generic-font-family:swiss; mso-font-format:other; 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mso-level-text:&#61623;; mso-level-tab-stop:252.0pt; mso-level-number-position:left; text-indent:-18.0pt; font-family:Symbol; mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman";} @list l50:level8 {mso-level-number-format:bullet; mso-level-text:o; mso-level-tab-stop:288.0pt; mso-level-number-position:left; text-indent:-18.0pt; font-family:"Courier New";} @list l50:level9 {mso-level-number-format:bullet; mso-level-text:&#61607;; mso-level-tab-stop:324.0pt; mso-level-number-position:left; text-indent:-18.0pt; font-family:Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman";} @list l0:level1 lfo1 {mso-level-start-at:1; mso-level-number-format:bullet; mso-level-numbering:continue; mso-level-text:&#61607;; mso-level-tab-stop:none; mso-level-number-position:left; mso-level-legacy:yes; mso-level-legacy-indent:18.0pt; mso-level-legacy-space:0cm; margin-left:18.0pt; text-indent:-18.0pt; font-family:Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman";} @list l0:level1 lfo2 {mso-level-start-at:1; mso-level-number-format:bullet; mso-level-numbering:continue; mso-level-text:&#61623;; mso-level-tab-stop:none; mso-level-number-position:left; mso-level-legacy:yes; mso-level-legacy-indent:18.0pt; mso-level-legacy-space:0cm; margin-left:18.0pt; text-indent:-18.0pt; font-family:Symbol; mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman";} ol {margin-bottom:0cm;} ul {margin-bottom:0cm;} --&gt  El paisaje de la cuenca media e inferior del río Salado es un escenario en el cual grupos cazadores recolectores pescadores se asentaron durante casi 2.000 años construyendo un paisaje particular en donde la gente interactuaba, adquiría y trasmitía conocimientos, permanecía en los asentamientos por tiempos prolongados, extendía vínculos sociales y desarrollaba redes amplias de comunicación. Estos grupos tomaron diferentes decisiones con relación al empleo de determinadas tecnologías y a los roles que ellas jugaron dentro de la sociedad. Por un lado la cuenca del río Salado no cuenta con fuentes ni primarias ni secundarias para el aprovisionamiento local de roca y toda la roca presente proviene de largas distancias. Hay abastecimiento mayoritario desde Tandilia y Ventania pero también casos puntuales de materias primas traídas de la costa atlántica y de afloramientos de Uruguay que señalan estrategias de interacción. En cambio en este ambiente los grupos tenían acceso directo a los montes de tala y a otras especies que lo acompañan; a los recursos acuáticos: peces, aves, coipo y sus productos derivados tales como plumas y cueros; además, contaban con la posibilidad de manufacturar alfarería dada por la presencia de agua, barros y madera. Los fragmentos de alfarería analizados fueron utilizados para cocinar, contener o almacenar productos diversos, lo más seguro es la preparación de comidas que contaban como ingrediente básico la carne y en las de almacenamiento algún tipo de aceite (grasa en estado líquido) o quizá productos vegetales. En cuanto a las técnicas de ejecución de los diseños de los fragmentos decorados estudios preliminares con estereomicroscopio sobre materiales experimentales y arqueológicos develan el uso potencial de distintos instrumentos (espinas de pez, dientes de nutria y ramas de tala) y distintos gestos técnicos para realizar diferentes formas de grabados decorativos sobre la pasta en estado de cuero. El número de recipientes, la calidad de su confección, la diversidad de su decoración, las formas y tamaños recuperados sugieren una elaboración y un almacenaje de alimentos cuya escala podría no ser necesariamente doméstica y emplearse en un contexto social más amplio. También parte de estos alimentos cocinados y almacenados pudieron ser parte del intercambio. La escala sobre el uso del espacio que interpretamos por el análisis de las materias primas presentes en las colecciones del río Salado indica movimientos a largas distancias. Asimismo planteamos que los diseños decorativos de las vasijas que se extienden por la zona del litoral uruguayo, por el norte del litoral bonaerense y el resto de la región pampeana son muy similares y sus diseños estandarizados. El contexto analizado en este trabajo señalaría la existencia de sociedades cazadoras recolectoras pescadoras de baja movilidad con el empleo intensivo de recursos locales y el desarrollo de redes amplias de interacción e intercambio.

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