Aplicaciones de nanopartículas magnéticas en medicina

R.D. ZYSLER

Buenos Aires

Jornada; XX Jornadas Anuales de la Sociedad Argentina de Biología, XVII Jornadas de la Sociedad Uruguaya de Biociencias (SUB), Segundas Jornadas Rioplatenses de Biología; 2018

Sociedad Argentina de Biología

The use of magnetic nanoparticleshas been proposed since the late 1990s. Among them are different methods ofrecognition and treatment of diseases. These applications are based on the factthat nanoparticles have a high surface/volume ratio, and functionalization ofthem has a high efficiency in terms of the activity that is intended with them(recognition, protein expression/antibodies, separation of molecules or actionof medicines). On the other hand, the superparamagnetic properties of thesenanoparticles promote a strong interaction with an applied magnetic field. Inthe case of DC magnetic fields, the attractive force is used in the concept of drug delivery; and with alternatingmagnetic fields, the heating of the particles is promoted, which it isutilizable in the treatment of magnetic fluid hyperthermia.In recent times, as thenanoparticles can be multifunctional, the idea to combine different propertiesof these nanostructures has been generalized. As an example of this, the ideaof theranostics that combines diagnosis and treatment in the same material hasbeen developed.The iron oxidenanoparticles (IONP), which have a wide range of use in medical applications(drug delivery, contrast agent, molecule separation, magnetic fluidhyperthermia, etc.), have the ability to catalyze this reaction, and thereforebe facilitators of cell death. Fenton's reaction is known since the latenineteenth century. This is an oxidative reaction where Fe+2 ions catalyze aperoxidase-like reaction with the production of free radicals (Reactive OxygenSpecies - ROS). These radicals can cause cell death. This fact can be use incancer treatments combined with the hyperthermia treatment.In this presentation willbe shown results of magnetically heating of IONP for use in hyperthermiatreatment, and the catalytic activity of IONP and the quantification of freeradicals produced by means of electronic paramagnetic resonance spectroscopy(EPR).