THE POTENTIAL RISK OF CONSUMING HIGH FAT DIETS ON BONE MINERAL CONTENT

MACRI V; RAMOS C; ZENI SN; FRIEDMAN S

San Francisco, USA

Congreso; Experimental Biology 2006; 2006

FASEB

Human aging is associated with an increased incidence of several chronic diseases including osteoporosis. Additionally, it is well documented a strong correlation between bone and lipid metabolisms. Efforts to reduce disabilities are focus on nutrition during growth. We studied the relationship between high fat diets and bone metabolism during growth. 25 male weanling Wistar rats were randomly assigned to one of the following diets for 8 weeks (t=8): control (AIN 93) & 4 experimental groups (soybean, corn, flaxseed and cow). Carbohydrate/protein/fat calorie ratio was 66/16/16 and 44/16/40, respectively. Ca % was similar. Body weights (BW) and lengths (BL) and diet intake (Cal/100g/day) were recorded. At t=8, B mineral density (BMD, mg/cm2) and content (BMC, mg) and % B fat (DEXA,Lunar) were determined in the total skeleton while column mineral density was calculated. No significant differences (data was between ranges) in BW (38-41) and BL (1.5-1.9) velocities, diet (23-68) or % B fat (24-36).  Results: X + SD          BMC BMD Col BMD Control 4018±614a 261,5±5,6a 239,8±6,6c Soybean 3619± 441a 258,8±9,0a 220,0±6,3a Corn 4060±442a 254,4±4,8a 225,8±3,8a Flaxseed 3840±669a 255,4±5,6a 222,8±8,3a Cow 2501±295b 243,8±1,5b 208,2±11,8b               ANOVA, SNK a, b, c: means significant differences (P<0.05). Individuals do growth similarly independent of the diets. Neither increased PUFA appear responsible for BMD or BMC in cortical bone. However, BMD decreased in an active bone tissue being independent of PUFA source. Saturated fat diet accounted for deleterious effect on BMD (cortical and trabecular) and BMC. Body size proportions could mask the potential risk of following certain diets. Awarded by UBACyT 004.