Ultrasound-assisted ionic liquid dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction for Na, K, Ca, Mg and P determination in biodiesel by ICP-OES

NIKOLAY KOVACHEV; FRANCISCO DAVID ÁVILA OROZCO; IVÁN PABLO ROMÁN; MIGUEL ÁNGEL AGUIRRE PASTOR; ANTONIO CANALS HERNÁNDEZ

Alicante

Congreso; XXV Reunión Nacional de Espectroscopía y IX Congreso Ibérico de Espectroscopía; 2016

Sociedad de Espectroscopia Aplicada, Sociedad Española de Química Analítica, Sociedad Portuguesa de Química, Universidad de Alicante, Sociedad Portuguesa de Bioquímica, Comité de Espectroscopia de la Sociedad Española de Óptica

Biodiesel is a composed mixture of fatty acid alkyl esters derived from vegetable oils (i.e. soybean, sunflower, palm, etc.) or animal fats. Because of their properties, biodiesel is completely miscible with diesel [1]. This biofuel is a renewable substitute (biodegradable and non toxic) that can be used in diesel engines without the need of modifications or adaptations [2]. Throughout biodiesel production, contamination may occur with metals such as Na, K, Ca, Mg, sulfur and phosphorus compounds. These contaminants could influence the stability and and other physical-chemical properties [3,4].The aim of this work was to develop a green sample preparation method based on an ultrasoundassisted ionic liquid dispersive liquid?liquid microextractiontechnique (USA-IL-DLLME) for Na, K, Ca, Mg and P determination in biodiesel samples by ICP-OES. The extraction was optimized using a two steps approach: (i) Plackett-Burman design, and (ii) central composite design. The optimized extraction condition values were: 0,900 g of biodiesel, 220 μL of 10% HNO3 solution, 75 μL of [C10MIM][Cl] and sonication power and time, 45 W and 1 min, respectively. Under the optimized conditions biodiesel samples from different feedstock such as sunflower, corn, soybean and grape seed oils, via a base catalyst transesterification, were analyzed and relative standard deviation values were lower than 10% and recovery values ranged between 95% and 106%. Acknowledgements The authors gratefully acknowledge Universidad Nacional del Sur, INQUISUR-UNS-CONICET, Argentina, Ministerio de Asuntos Exteriores y de Cooperación (MAEC) and Dirección de Relaciones Culturales y Científicas (AECID) for the financial support. The authors wish to thank the Spanish Government (CTQ201123968) for the financial support, and also Ingeniatrics Tecnologías S.L. and Agilent Technologies for the FBMN prototype and ICP-OES spectrometer provided, respectively. References[1] A. Bulent Koc, Bioresour. Technol., 100, 19?24 (2009).[2] E.M. Shahid, Y. Jamal, Renew. Sustain Energ. Rev. 12, 2484?2494 (2008).[3] M. Edlund, H. Visser, P.J. Heitland, J. Anal. At. Spectrom. 17, 232?235 (2002).[4] T. Nogueira, C. Lucio do Lago, Microchem. J. 99, 267?272 (2011).