An overview of the sugarcane mosaic disease in South America

PERERA, M. F.; FILIPPONE, M. P.; NOGUERA, A. S.; CUENYA, M. I. Y CASTAGNARO, A. P.

Sugarcane Pathology

Global Science Book

Año: 2012; p. 99 - 107

Sugarcane mosaic, one of the most important viral diseases of sugarcane, is widely distributed in the world and its economic significance varies among regions. Economic losses depend on varietal susceptibility, virus strains, its interaction with other diseases, vector population and environmental conditions. Although not a major problem in some countries, sugarcane mosaic has caused substantial yield losses in other countries (Argentina, Brazil) due to severe outbreaks. Numerous strains of Sugarcane mosaic virus (SCMV) and Sorghum mosaic virus (SrMV) are commonly associated with mosaic symptoms. Both viruses are members of the SCMV subgroup in the genus Potyvirus of the family Potyviridae and their genetic variability could be effectively assesed only through DNA sequence comparisons. The great genetic variability of sugarcane mosaic disease agents should be taken into consideration in breeding and biotechnology programmes for resistance to mosaic. The most effective way to control sugarcane mosaic has been through the use of resistant cultivars, which requires a complete understanding of the genetic diversity of the pathogens as well as their interaction with cultivars; resistance breakdown can occur when new strains or viruses appear. However, the production of healthy and genetically pure seed cane could be an available tool to reduce the pathogenic load in sugar cane growing areas. This could be achieved through hydro-heat-treatment followed by apical meristem in vitro culture and micropropagation technique. It is also relevant to implement extreme quarantine measures to prevent the entry of new pathogens or variants of the established ones in the germplasm exchange.