Study of the Effect of the Protein Corona of Noble Metal Nanomaterials in Photodynamic Therapy Throughput

CHAIN, CECILIA YAMIL; CISNEROS, JOSE S.; VELA, MARIA ELENA; MARTIRE, DANIEL O.

Ciudad Autonoma de Buenos Aires

Otro; Humboldt Colloquium ?Shaping the Future of German-Argentinian Scientific Cooperation ? The Role of Curiosity-Driven Research?; 2018

Alexander von Humboldt Foundation

The advance of the knowledge on the nanobiotechonology field, allow the development of different types of nanoparticles (NPs) for cancer therapy. NPs have been extensively characterized and designed for tumor targeting and the accumulation of those that never get the to the target, can´t be ignored. For this reason, biological medium that interact with NPs till they get to the tumor, have to be minutely analyzed. The first medium is blood, and it has been demonstrated several times that proteins adsorbed on them will change NP identity. For a better understanding of the ramifications of the biological identity of the biodistribution of NPs and the efficacy on tumor targeting, there is a need to conect the synthetic characteristics of each type of NP to the protein corona composition, and to the resulting biodistribution patern. The adsorption of serum proteins on different NPs should correlate with different biological functions. Several areas of nanomedicine could be dramatically upgraded if the roles that fulfill the physicochemical properties of NPs, the protein corona composition, and the subsequent biological behaviour of NPs; should be empirically determined.The photodynamic therapies (PDT) consist in the administration by intravenous or intraperitoneal injection of a substance denominaded photosensitizer, that is able to act over certain type of pathologies. In the case of cancer treatment, the pharmacokinetic properties of the photosensitizer are taken into account for it´s incorporation by the diseased cells and then by irradiation with light of an appropriate wavelength, the singlet oxygen (1O2) can be produced, which is the cytotoxic agent that leads to the removal of diseased tissue. For this purpose, it will be studied the ability of nanomaterials to generate 1O2 by irradiation.The photoinduced generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) motivated the use of Rivoflavin (Rf) as a photosensitizer in numerous applications as an antibacterial agent. The curcumin has been used as a photosensitizer in the generation of 1O2 together with gold NPs (AuNPs) coated with pectin.The Superficial Plasmon Resonance (SPR) is a ?probe free? detection method that is particularly suitable for biomolecular interactions studies, allowing real time high sensitive measurements. This optic technique is based in changes that occur in the refractive index due to modifications in the chemical composition in the proximity of thin metalic layers (typically gold or silver). The SPR research regarding nanovehicle interaction with bloodstream serum proteins include the study of corona conformation using serum or plasma and the interaction of NPs with individual proteins of the NP corona.It is proposed to investigate the generation of 1O2 by irradiation of noble metal NPs suspentions with and without protein corona. These assays will be complemented with cell incorporation assays, cytotoxic and phototoxic assays of nanomaterials with and without protein corona.