INGEBI   02650
INSTITUTO DE INVESTIGACIONES EN INGENIERIA GENETICA Y BIOLOGIA MOLECULAR "DR. HECTOR N TORRES"
Unidad Ejecutora - UE
artículos
Título:
An integrative model of auditory phantom perception: tinnitus as a unified percept of interacting separable subnetworks
Autor/es:
DE RIDDER D; VANNESTE S; WEISZ N; LONDERO A; SCHLEE W; ELGOYHEN AB; LANGGUTH B
Revista:
NEUROSCIENCE AND BIOBEHAVIORAL REVIEWS
Editorial:
PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
Referencias:
Lugar: Amsterdam; Año: 2014 vol. 4 p. 16 - 32
ISSN:
0149-7634
Resumen:
Tinnitus is a
considered to be an auditory phantom phenomenon, a persistent conscious percept
of a salient memory trace, externally attributed, in the absence of a sound
source. It is perceived as a phenomenologically unified coherent percept,
binding multiple separable clinical characteristics, such as its loudness, the
sidedness, the type (pure tone, noise), the associated distress and so on. A
theoretical pathophysiological framework capable of explaining all these
aspects in one model is highly needed. The model must incorporate both the
deafferentation based neurophysiological models and the dysfunctional noise
cancelling model, and propose a ?tinnitus core? subnetwork. The tinnitus core
can be defined as the minimal set of brain areas that needs to be jointly
activated (=subnetwork) for tinnitus to be consciously perceived, devoid of its
affective components. The brain areas involved in the other separable characteristics
of tinnitus can be retrieved by studies on spontaneous resting state magnetic
and electrical activity in people with tinnitus, evaluated for the specific
aspect investigated and controlled for other factors. By combining these
functional imaging studies with neuromodulation techniques, some of the
correlations are turned into causal relationships. Thereof, a heuristic
pathophysiological framework is constructed, integrating the tinnitus
perceptual core with the other tinnitus related aspects. The phenomenologically
unified percept of tinnitus can be considered an emergent property of multiple,
parallel, dynamically changing and partially overlapping subnetworks, each with
a specific spontaneous oscillatory pattern and functional connectivity
signature. Communication between these different subnetworks is proposed to
occur at hubs, brain areas that are involved in multiple subnetworks
simultaneously. These hubs can take part in each separable subnetwork at
different frequencies. Communication between the subnetworks is proposed to
occur at discrete oscillatory frequencies. As such, the brain uses multiple nonspecific
networks in parallel, each with their own oscillatory signature, that adapt to
the context to construct a unified percept possibly by synchronized activation
integrated at hubs at discrete oscillatory frequencies.