Hydroponic uptake and distribution of PPCPs in Typha lafitolia and Zea mays: A comparative study in two monocotyledon model plants.

PÉREZ DJ.,; DOUCETTE, WILLIAM; MENONE, MIRTA L

Sacramento

Congreso; SETAC NorthAmerica 39th Annual Meeting.; 2018

Society of Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry

Pharmaceuticals and personal care products (PPCPs), originating fromwastewater treatment plants, have been detected in reclaimed waters andaquatic ecosystems potentially resulting in the accumulation of PPCPsin wetland plants and terrestrial crops. The objective of this study is toinvestigate the root uptake, translocation and distribution of a mixtureof PPCPs and the herbicide atrazine, in two monocotyledon plants, onewetland plant Typha latifolia and one terrestrial plant Zea mays. Thetarget PPCPs included antibiotics (sulfamethoxazole (SMZ) and triclosan (TRI)), an anticonvulsant (carbamazepine (CBZ)), an antidepressant(fluoxetine (FLX)), and an antihyperlipidemic (gemfibrozil (GBZ)).Atrazine (ATZ) was also selected as a herbicide commonly used oncorn. Twelve size uniform plants of each specie were selected for thehydroponic exposure assay. Six plants were used as untreated controlsand six were treated. A single dose was added to the hydroponic containersto yield an initial concentration of 20 μg/L for each compound.Transpiration was measured by water lost in the root-zone vessels relativeto a non-planted control. The root zone solution was replenished weeklywith a nutrient solution containing 20 μg/L of the target compounds. ForT.latifolia, root, rhizome, sprout, stem and leaf (base, middle and tip) tissueswere collected and analysed while root, stem, base and top leaves andbud flowers were examined for Z.mays. Sample extracts were analysedusing liquid chromatography coupled to a tandem mass spectrometer. Alltarget compounds were detected in the roots of both plants. Above groundtissue concentrations were normalized to the amount of water transpired.For T. latifolia, only PPCPs and ATZ were found in the stems while thedistribution of target compounds in the leaves had the following pattern:CBZ was accumulated in the mainly tip FLX mainly in the base and ATZand TRI more uniformly in the all leaves. In corn leaves CBZ, FLX andATZ were mainly accumulated in the base leaves and the transpirationnormalized concentrations were lower than for T.latifolia. The rhizomaand sprouts of T.latifolia also contained measurable concentrations ofthe target compounds. No target compounds were detected in corn budflowers. The results show the importance of examining the distributionof contaminants within the various plant tissues before conducting risk orbiomonitoring assessments.