Role of transition metals present in air pollution particulate matter on the cardiorespiratory system

GARCÉS MARIANA; MAGNANI NATALIA; MARCHINI TIMOTEO; CALABRÓ VALERIA; CÁCERES LOURDES; GUAGLIANONE ALEJANDRO; MEBERT ANDREA; TESAN FIORELLA; SALGUEIRO JIMENA; ZUBILLAGA MARCELA; DESIMONE MARTÍN; ALVAREZ SILVIA; EVELSON PABLO

Congreso; IV Interntional congress in traslational medicine; 2018

Several studies have shown that exposure to air particulate matter (PM) might trigger toxic effects over the cardiorespiratory system. PM vary in size from a few nanometers to 10 micron in diameter. Due to the ability to reach lower airways, nanoparticles (NP) present in PM exert worse adverse health effects than coarse particles. It is suggested that transition metals present in NP could play an important role in this scenario, via increased production of reactive O2 species and oxidative tissue damage, through Fenton-like chemical reactions. Our aim was to build metal coated-NP, with similar physicochemical properties than airborne NP, in order to use them as a model to study the effects of transition metals present in air pollution on the cardiorespiratory system. NP characterization was analysed by SEM, TEM, and DLS. Results show that every constructed NP has similar characteristics that PM´s NP. Swiss mice (25 g) were intranasally instilled with a suspension of NP containing Ni (II), Cd (II), Fe (III), or Cr (VI); at 0.01, 0.05, 0.1, and 1.0 mg metal/kg body weight. Control mice were exposed to empty NP. Samples were collected 1 hour after exposure. Biodistribution studies performed by NP labeled with 99mTc show that NP mostly remain in the lung, compared to stomach. Tissue O2 consumption and TBARS content were evaluated in lung. No changes were observed after Cd-NP exposure in any experimental condition. On the contrary, Fe-NP showed a significant increase in lung O2 consumption by 48% and 52% at 0.1 and 1.0 mg Fe/kg (p