Effect of maternal fructose-rich diet (FRD) intake on the adult offspring browning potential of white retroperitoneal adipose tissue

ALZAMENDI A; MIGUEL I; SPINEDI E; GIOVAMBATTISTA A

Congreso; LXIV Reunión de la Sociedad Argentina de Investigacion Clinica (SAIC).; 2019

Beigeadipocytes dissipate energy as heat through uncoupling protein-1 (UCP1)activity. Cold exposure or β3-adrenergic agonist treatment stimulates white tobeige adipocyte conversion. Although not completely matched, UCP1 expressionlevels are largely related to beige adipocyte thermogenesis. Our aim was toassess whether maternal FRD intake throughout pregnancy affectsthe development of browning capacity in WRPAT from the adult male offspring. On pregnancy day 1, dams were provided with either tapwater (control, C) or FRD (10%w/v; in tap water) and fed ad libitum with chow up to delivery. Weaned pups received water andchow ad libitum up to 60 days of age(experimental day). C and F indicate pups born to control and FRD dams,respectively. On day 53 of age, C and F pups were submitted to cold(4ºC, for one week). Body weight and food intake was daily registered. On experimental day, trunk blood was collected and WRPAT padswere dissected and weighted. WRPAT mRNA expression levels of beige adipogenicmarkers were measured, and additional tissue portion was used for H&Estaining, IHC and western blot analysis. Data indicate that basal UCP1expression was lower in F rats (p<0.05). Nevertheless, when submitted tocold F animals increased UCP1 expression above C cold animals (p<0.05). Andthe later increase well correlated with WRPAT H&E stain showing beige areasand UCP1 positive cells (by IHC). Increased UCP1 protein (WB) also correlatedwith enhanced UCP1 gene expression (p<0.05). In accordance, cold exposureinduced in both groups an increase in brown AT (BAT) mass, while a decrease inbody weight and in WRPAT mass (p<0.05) was noticed. Our data strongly suggestthat decreased WRPAT browning capability could be involved in themetabolic-endocrine dysfunction characterizing F adult male animals in basalconditions. However, cold exposure provokes exacerbated browning in F animals, anoverreaction probably due to a protective compensatory mechanism.