Metabolic effects of zinc restriction and a high-fat diet during different periods of life in male rats.

SARAVIA MELISA; MENDES GARRIDO ABREGÚ, FACUNDO; SORIA DAMIÁN; ECHEVERRÍA PAREDES FRANKLIN; MARTÍNEZ TAMBELLA JOAQUÍN; CIANCIO NICOLÁS; MAGALDI ROCÍO; GOBETTO NATALIA; ZAGO VALERIA; SCHREIER LAURA; CANIFFI CAROLINA; ELESGARAY ROSANA; ARRANZ CRISTINA; TOMAT ANALÍA

CABA

Congreso; IV INTERNATIONAL CONGRESS IN TRANSLATIONAL MEDICINE; 2018

Metabolic diseases as obesity and diabetes lead to an increase in cardiovascular risk, morbidity and mortality. Zinc is an essential micronutrient for carbohydrates and lipids metabolism. In previous studies we have demonstrated that zinc deficiency induces cardiovascular and renal alterations associated with an increase in blood pressure. The aim of this work was to evaluate in adult male rats if prenatal and postnatal zinc restriction aggravates the metabolic effects of a high-fat diet (HF) during post-weaning growth. Methods: Female Wistar rats received control (C, 30ppm) or low-zinc diet (L, 8ppm) during pregnancy and lactation. At weaning (day 21) C pups were fed C (Cc) or C-HF diet (CcHF). L offspring received L (Ll) or L-HF diet (LlHF). 60% of total calories of HF hypercaloric diets correspond to fat. Oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) was performed at day 74. On day 81 rats were sacrificed to evaluate retroperitoneal adipose tissue (RPAT) weight, morphology and oxidative stress. Results: No differences were observed in daily calorie intake. HF diet induced an increase in RPAT weight in Ll (Cc: 1.9 0.3; CcHF: 2.3 0.2; Ll: 1.5 0.2; LlHF: 2.9 0.2? g/100g body weight). In OGTT, HF rats showed an increase in AUC (area under the curve - Cc: 27.8 0.5; CcHF: 30.8 0.9*; Ll: 27.8 0.8; LlHF: 35 1?? x1000 min.mg/dl) and in glycemia at 180 min (Cc: 132 5; CcHF: 150 4*; Ll: 149 4*; LlHF: 165 7 mg/dl). Zinc restriction and/or HF diet induce RPAT adipocyte hypertrophy (cell area - Cc: 5.4 0.4; CcHF: 10.7 0.6*; Ll: 8.6 0.4*; LlHF: 11.6 0.5 x1000 m2) and a reduced adipocyte density (cell density - Cc: 24 1; CcHF: 11.2 0.4*; Ll: 13.6 0.4*; LlHF: 11.9 0.4? adipocytes/field). Dietary injuries also affected RPAT oxidative stress by increasing lipid peroxidation (TBARS - Cc: 0.20 0.03; CcHF: 0.30 0.04; Ll: 0.43 0.07*; LlHF: 0.38 0.08 pmol/mg prot) or by reducing superoxide dismutase activity (SOD - Cc: 2.0 0.3; CcHF: 1.1 0.1*; Ll: 2.1 0.2; LlHF: 1.3 0.2? USOD/mg prot). However, no differences were observed in catalase (CAT) activity. Statistics: two-way ANOVA followed by Bonferroni´s post-test; *p