A case control study:The role of leukotriene receptor antagonist in cardiovascular risk

HOXHA M; VARA MESSLER M; MALAJ V; DOCE C; ROVATI E; CABANILLAS A

Milan

Congreso; European Respiratory Society International Congress; 2017

European Respiratory Society

Introduction: Leukotrienes (LTs) are mediators of the inflammatory process, that can enhance the cardiovascular (CV) risk. The purpose of this study was to determine whether leukotriene receptor antagonists (LTRAs), as montelukast, used in asthma are associated with a decreased myocardial infarction (MI) and ischemic stroke (IS) risk.Methods: We performed a case-control study investigating the role of LTRA on reducing the MI and IS risk (time period: 2012-2015). The cases consisted in MI and IS patients from the University Hospital of Granada (UHG), with asthma as a secondary diagnosis (MI: n=59; IS: n = 107). Control groups were patients admitted to the UHG, and patients from twoprimary health care centers: ?Zaidin Sur?, and ?La Chana?.Results: Approximately 1 out of 5 asthmatic patients received LTRA treatment at some point. This frequency is relatively lower in the hospitalized patients, probably due to drug registration problems. Our results showed that the odds ratios (OR) for the association between LTRA and IS risk were: 1.2 (95% CI: 0.52-2.78) when we analyzed hospital control; and 0.77 (95% CI: 0.41-1.43) for controls chosen in primary health care centers. Regarding the association between LTRA treatment and MI risk, the OR was 1.25 (95% CI 0.58-2.69), for the primary health care controls.Conclusions: The results do not show a reduction of the MI risk in patients using a LTRA; situation somehow different in IS patients from primary health care centers with a slightly protective effect of montelukast in reducing the IS risk, that, however, did not reach statistical significance. Future studies should require a larger sample size and monitor asthmatic patients from primary care.