New systematics and generic circumscription of parmelioid lichens inferred from multi-gene analysis provided by PARSYS-08.

DIVAKAR P.,CRESPO A.,..........................LUTZONI F.,MAMUSH B.,MATTSSON B.,J.-E.,MESSUTI M.,PERLMUTTER G.,RICO V.,SPRIBILLE T.,SWEAT K.,THELL A.,THOR G.,URBANAVICHUS G. Y LUMBSCH

Asilomar, California, Estados Unidos

Congreso; IAL 6 – ABLS Joint Meeting; 2008

International Association of Lichenology

*DIVAKAR, PRADEEP K.1, CRESPO, ANA1, KAUFF, FRANK2, DEL PRADO, RUTH1, PEREZ-ORTEGA, SERGIO1, AMO DE PAZ, GUILLERMO1, FERENCOVA, ZUZANA1, BLANCO, OSCAR1, ARGUELLO, ARTURO1, MILLANES, ANA3, MOLINA, M. CARMEN3, NORMORE, M.P.4, WEDIN, MATS5, APTROOT, ANDRE6, BUNGARTZ, FRANK7, CALVELO, SUSANA8, CANDAN, MEHMET9, COLE, MARIETTE10, ELIX, JONH A.11, ERTZ, DAMIEN12, GOFFINET, BERNARD13, KNIGHT, ALLISON14, LENDEMER, JAMES15, LINDBLOM, LOUISE16, LUECKING, ROBERT17, LUTZONI, FRANCOIS18, MATTSSON, JAN-ERIC19, MESSUTI, M. INÉS20, PERLMUTTER, GARY21, RICO, VICTOR J.1, SPRIBILLE, TOBY22, STEFFEN, U. PAULS23, SWEAT, K.24, THELL, ARNE25, THOR, GÖRAN26, URBANAVICHUS, GENADII27, and LUMBSCH, H.THORSTEN171, CRESPO, ANA1, KAUFF, FRANK2, DEL PRADO, RUTH1, PEREZ-ORTEGA, SERGIO1, AMO DE PAZ, GUILLERMO1, FERENCOVA, ZUZANA1, BLANCO, OSCAR1, ARGUELLO, ARTURO1, MILLANES, ANA3, MOLINA, M. CARMEN3, NORMORE, M.P.4, WEDIN, MATS5, APTROOT, ANDRE6, BUNGARTZ, FRANK7, CALVELO, SUSANA8, CANDAN, MEHMET9, COLE, MARIETTE10, ELIX, JONH A.11, ERTZ, DAMIEN12, GOFFINET, BERNARD13, KNIGHT, ALLISON14, LENDEMER, JAMES15, LINDBLOM, LOUISE16, LUECKING, ROBERT17, LUTZONI, FRANCOIS18, MATTSSON, JAN-ERIC19, MESSUTI, M. INÉS20, PERLMUTTER, GARY21, RICO, VICTOR J.1, SPRIBILLE, TOBY22, STEFFEN, U. PAULS23, SWEAT, K.24, THELL, ARNE25, THOR, GÖRAN26, URBANAVICHUS, GENADII27, and LUMBSCH, H.THORSTEN171, FERENCOVA, ZUZANA1, BLANCO, OSCAR1, ARGUELLO, ARTURO1, MILLANES, ANA3, MOLINA, M. CARMEN3, NORMORE, M.P.4, WEDIN, MATS5, APTROOT, ANDRE6, BUNGARTZ, FRANK7, CALVELO, SUSANA8, CANDAN, MEHMET9, COLE, MARIETTE10, ELIX, JONH A.11, ERTZ, DAMIEN12, GOFFINET, BERNARD13, KNIGHT, ALLISON14, LENDEMER, JAMES15, LINDBLOM, LOUISE16, LUECKING, ROBERT17, LUTZONI, FRANCOIS18, MATTSSON, JAN-ERIC19, MESSUTI, M. INÉS20, PERLMUTTER, GARY21, RICO, VICTOR J.1, SPRIBILLE, TOBY22, STEFFEN, U. PAULS23, SWEAT, K.24, THELL, ARNE25, THOR, GÖRAN26, URBANAVICHUS, GENADII27, and LUMBSCH, H.THORSTEN173, MOLINA, M. CARMEN3, NORMORE, M.P.4, WEDIN, MATS5, APTROOT, ANDRE6, BUNGARTZ, FRANK7, CALVELO, SUSANA8, CANDAN, MEHMET9, COLE, MARIETTE10, ELIX, JONH A.11, ERTZ, DAMIEN12, GOFFINET, BERNARD13, KNIGHT, ALLISON14, LENDEMER, JAMES15, LINDBLOM, LOUISE16, LUECKING, ROBERT17, LUTZONI, FRANCOIS18, MATTSSON, JAN-ERIC19, MESSUTI, M. INÉS20, PERLMUTTER, GARY21, RICO, VICTOR J.1, SPRIBILLE, TOBY22, STEFFEN, U. PAULS23, SWEAT, K.24, THELL, ARNE25, THOR, GÖRAN26, URBANAVICHUS, GENADII27, and LUMBSCH, H.THORSTEN178, CANDAN, MEHMET9, COLE, MARIETTE10, ELIX, JONH A.11, ERTZ, DAMIEN12, GOFFINET, BERNARD13, KNIGHT, ALLISON14, LENDEMER, JAMES15, LINDBLOM, LOUISE16, LUECKING, ROBERT17, LUTZONI, FRANCOIS18, MATTSSON, JAN-ERIC19, MESSUTI, M. INÉS20, PERLMUTTER, GARY21, RICO, VICTOR J.1, SPRIBILLE, TOBY22, STEFFEN, U. PAULS23, SWEAT, K.24, THELL, ARNE25, THOR, GÖRAN26, URBANAVICHUS, GENADII27, and LUMBSCH, H.THORSTEN1713, KNIGHT, ALLISON14, LENDEMER, JAMES15, LINDBLOM, LOUISE16, LUECKING, ROBERT17, LUTZONI, FRANCOIS18, MATTSSON, JAN-ERIC19, MESSUTI, M. INÉS20, PERLMUTTER, GARY21, RICO, VICTOR J.1, SPRIBILLE, TOBY22, STEFFEN, U. PAULS23, SWEAT, K.24, THELL, ARNE25, THOR, GÖRAN26, URBANAVICHUS, GENADII27, and LUMBSCH, H.THORSTEN1717, LUTZONI, FRANCOIS18, MATTSSON, JAN-ERIC19, MESSUTI, M. INÉS20, PERLMUTTER, GARY21, RICO, VICTOR J.1, SPRIBILLE, TOBY22, STEFFEN, U. PAULS23, SWEAT, K.24, THELL, ARNE25, THOR, GÖRAN26, URBANAVICHUS, GENADII27, and LUMBSCH, H.THORSTEN171, SPRIBILLE, TOBY22, STEFFEN, U. PAULS23, SWEAT, K.24, THELL, ARNE25, THOR, GÖRAN26, URBANAVICHUS, GENADII27, and LUMBSCH, H.THORSTEN1727, and LUMBSCH, H.THORSTEN17 1Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Departamento de Biología Vegetal II, Plaza de Ramón y Cajal s/n, 28040 Madrid, Spain;Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Departamento de Biología Vegetal II, Plaza de Ramón y Cajal s/n, 28040 Madrid, Spain; 2Molecular Phylogenetics FB Biologie, 13/276 TU Kaiserslautern Postfach 304967653 Kaiserslautern, Germany; 3Universidad Rey Juan Carlos, Área de Biodiversidad y Conservación, c/ Tulipán s/n., 28933 Móstoles (Madrid), Spain; 4Dipartimento di Biologia Universit di Trieste Via Giorgieri 10 Trieste, Italy; 5Cryptogamic Botany Swedish Museum of Natural History P.O. Box 50007 SE-104 05 Stockholm, Sweden; 6ABL Herbarium, G.v.d.Veenstraat 107, NL-3762 XK, Soest, Netherlands; 7Charles Darwin Foundation for the Galapagos Islands, Av. 6 de Diciembre N 36-109 y Pasaje California, Post Box 17-01-3891, Quito, Ecuador; 8Centro Regional Universitario Bariloche, Universidad Nacional del Comahue, 8400 Bariloche, Argentina; 9Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Anadolu University, Eskisehir, Turkey; 103010 West 112th St., 55431-3815, Bloomington. MN, USA; 11Dept. of Chemistry, Australian National University, P.O. Box 4, 0200, Canberra, Australia; 12National Botanic Garden of Belgium, Department of Bryophytes-Thallophytes, Domaine de Bouchout, B-1860 Meise, Belgium; 13Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, 75 North Eagleville road, University of Connecticut, Storrs CT, 06269-3043 USA; 14Department of Botany, University of Otago, Box 56, Dunedin, New Zealand; 15The Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia, Botany Department, The Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia, 1900 Benjamin Franklin Pky. 19103, Philadelphia, USA; 16Dept of biology (BIO), Univ of Bergen, Allegaten 41, 5007, Bergen, Norway; 17Department of Botany, The Field Museum, 1400 S. Lake Shore Drive Chicago, IL 60605, USA; 18Dept. of Biology, Duke University, Box 90338, 27708, Durham, North Carolina USA; 19School of Life Science, Södertörns högskola, SE-141 89 Huddinge, Sweden; 20Dept. Botanica, Centro regional Universitario Bariloche, Universidad Nacional del Comahue Quintral 1250 8400SC de Bariloche, Rio Negro Argentina; 21University of North Carolin Herbarium, CB 3280 Coker may, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill NC 27599-3280,USA; 22University of Göttingen, Untere Karsp 2, D-37073 Göttingen, Germany; 23Department of Zoology, The Field Museum, 1400 S. Lake Shore Drive Chicago, IL 60605, USA 24Department of Integrated Natural Sciences, Arizona State University, West Campus AZ, USA, 25Lund University, Dept. of Systematic Botany, Ostra-Vallgatan 18-20, S-22361Lund, Sweden; 26Department of Ecology, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Box 7002, SE-750 07 Uppsala, Sweden; 27Institute of the Industrial Ecology оf the North, Kola Science Center, Russian Academy of Sciences Fersmana str., 14a 184209, Apatity Murmansk region, Russia.Molecular Phylogenetics FB Biologie, 13/276 TU Kaiserslautern Postfach 304967653 Kaiserslautern, Germany; 3Universidad Rey Juan Carlos, Área de Biodiversidad y Conservación, c/ Tulipán s/n., 28933 Móstoles (Madrid), Spain; 4Dipartimento di Biologia Universit di Trieste Via Giorgieri 10 Trieste, Italy; 5Cryptogamic Botany Swedish Museum of Natural History P.O. Box 50007 SE-104 05 Stockholm, Sweden; 6ABL Herbarium, G.v.d.Veenstraat 107, NL-3762 XK, Soest, Netherlands; 7Charles Darwin Foundation for the Galapagos Islands, Av. 6 de Diciembre N 36-109 y Pasaje California, Post Box 17-01-3891, Quito, Ecuador; 8Centro Regional Universitario Bariloche, Universidad Nacional del Comahue, 8400 Bariloche, Argentina; 9Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Anadolu University, Eskisehir, Turkey; 103010 West 112th St., 55431-3815, Bloomington. MN, USA; 11Dept. of Chemistry, Australian National University, P.O. Box 4, 0200, Canberra, Australia; 12National Botanic Garden of Belgium, Department of Bryophytes-Thallophytes, Domaine de Bouchout, B-1860 Meise, Belgium; 13Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, 75 North Eagleville road, University of Connecticut, Storrs CT, 06269-3043 USA; 14Department of Botany, University of Otago, Box 56, Dunedin, New Zealand; 15The Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia, Botany Department, The Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia, 1900 Benjamin Franklin Pky. 19103, Philadelphia, USA; 16Dept of biology (BIO), Univ of Bergen, Allegaten 41, 5007, Bergen, Norway; 17Department of Botany, The Field Museum, 1400 S. Lake Shore Drive Chicago, IL 60605, USA; 18Dept. of Biology, Duke University, Box 90338, 27708, Durham, North Carolina USA; 19School of Life Science, Södertörns högskola, SE-141 89 Huddinge, Sweden; 20Dept. Botanica, Centro regional Universitario Bariloche, Universidad Nacional del Comahue Quintral 1250 8400SC de Bariloche, Rio Negro Argentina; 21University of North Carolin Herbarium, CB 3280 Coker may, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill NC 27599-3280,USA; 22University of Göttingen, Untere Karsp 2, D-37073 Göttingen, Germany; 23Department of Zoology, The Field Museum, 1400 S. Lake Shore Drive Chicago, IL 60605, USA 24Department of Integrated Natural Sciences, Arizona State University, West Campus AZ, USA, 25Lund University, Dept. of Systematic Botany, Ostra-Vallgatan 18-20, S-22361Lund, Sweden; 26Department of Ecology, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Box 7002, SE-750 07 Uppsala, Sweden; 27Institute of the Industrial Ecology оf the North, Kola Science Center, Russian Academy of Sciences Fersmana str., 14a 184209, Apatity Murmansk region, Russia.4Dipartimento di Biologia Universit di Trieste Via Giorgieri 10 Trieste, Italy; 5Cryptogamic Botany Swedish Museum of Natural History P.O. Box 50007 SE-104 05 Stockholm, Sweden; 6ABL Herbarium, G.v.d.Veenstraat 107, NL-3762 XK, Soest, Netherlands; 7Charles Darwin Foundation for the Galapagos Islands, Av. 6 de Diciembre N 36-109 y Pasaje California, Post Box 17-01-3891, Quito, Ecuador; 8Centro Regional Universitario Bariloche, Universidad Nacional del Comahue, 8400 Bariloche, Argentina; 9Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Anadolu University, Eskisehir, Turkey; 103010 West 112th St., 55431-3815, Bloomington. MN, USA; 11Dept. of Chemistry, Australian National University, P.O. Box 4, 0200, Canberra, Australia; 12National Botanic Garden of Belgium, Department of Bryophytes-Thallophytes, Domaine de Bouchout, B-1860 Meise, Belgium; 13Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, 75 North Eagleville road, University of Connecticut, Storrs CT, 06269-3043 USA; 14Department of Botany, University of Otago, Box 56, Dunedin, New Zealand; 15The Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia, Botany Department, The Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia, 1900 Benjamin Franklin Pky. 19103, Philadelphia, USA; 16Dept of biology (BIO), Univ of Bergen, Allegaten 41, 5007, Bergen, Norway; 17Department of Botany, The Field Museum, 1400 S. Lake Shore Drive Chicago, IL 60605, USA; 18Dept. of Biology, Duke University, Box 90338, 27708, Durham, North Carolina USA; 19School of Life Science, Södertörns högskola, SE-141 89 Huddinge, Sweden; 20Dept. Botanica, Centro regional Universitario Bariloche, Universidad Nacional del Comahue Quintral 1250 8400SC de Bariloche, Rio Negro Argentina; 21University of North Carolin Herbarium, CB 3280 Coker may, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill NC 27599-3280,USA; 22University of Göttingen, Untere Karsp 2, D-37073 Göttingen, Germany; 23Department of Zoology, The Field Museum, 1400 S. Lake Shore Drive Chicago, IL 60605, USA 24Department of Integrated Natural Sciences, Arizona State University, West Campus AZ, USA, 25Lund University, Dept. of Systematic Botany, Ostra-Vallgatan 18-20, S-22361Lund, Sweden; 26Department of Ecology, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Box 7002, SE-750 07 Uppsala, Sweden; 27Institute of the Industrial Ecology оf the North, Kola Science Center, Russian Academy of Sciences Fersmana str., 14a 184209, Apatity Murmansk region, Russia.5Cryptogamic Botany Swedish Museum of Natural History P.O. Box 50007 SE-104 05 Stockholm, Sweden; 6ABL Herbarium, G.v.d.Veenstraat 107, NL-3762 XK, Soest, Netherlands; 7Charles Darwin Foundation for the Galapagos Islands, Av. 6 de Diciembre N 36-109 y Pasaje California, Post Box 17-01-3891, Quito, Ecuador; 8Centro Regional Universitario Bariloche, Universidad Nacional del Comahue, 8400 Bariloche, Argentina; 9Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Anadolu University, Eskisehir, Turkey; 103010 West 112th St., 55431-3815, Bloomington. MN, USA; 11Dept. of Chemistry, Australian National University, P.O. Box 4, 0200, Canberra, Australia; 12National Botanic Garden of Belgium, Department of Bryophytes-Thallophytes, Domaine de Bouchout, B-1860 Meise, Belgium; 13Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, 75 North Eagleville road, University of Connecticut, Storrs CT, 06269-3043 USA; 14Department of Botany, University of Otago, Box 56, Dunedin, New Zealand; 15The Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia, Botany Department, The Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia, 1900 Benjamin Franklin Pky. 19103, Philadelphia, USA; 16Dept of biology (BIO), Univ of Bergen, Allegaten 41, 5007, Bergen, Norway; 17Department of Botany, The Field Museum, 1400 S. Lake Shore Drive Chicago, IL 60605, USA; 18Dept. of Biology, Duke University, Box 90338, 27708, Durham, North Carolina USA; 19School of Life Science, Södertörns högskola, SE-141 89 Huddinge, Sweden; 20Dept. Botanica, Centro regional Universitario Bariloche, Universidad Nacional del Comahue Quintral 1250 8400SC de Bariloche, Rio Negro Argentina; 21University of North Carolin Herbarium, CB 3280 Coker may, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill NC 27599-3280,USA; 22University of Göttingen, Untere Karsp 2, D-37073 Göttingen, Germany; 23Department of Zoology, The Field Museum, 1400 S. Lake Shore Drive Chicago, IL 60605, USA 24Department of Integrated Natural Sciences, Arizona State University, West Campus AZ, USA, 25Lund University, Dept. of Systematic Botany, Ostra-Vallgatan 18-20, S-22361Lund, Sweden; 26Department of Ecology, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Box 7002, SE-750 07 Uppsala, Sweden; 27Institute of the Industrial Ecology оf the North, Kola Science Center, Russian Academy of Sciences Fersmana str., 14a 184209, Apatity Murmansk region, Russia.6ABL Herbarium, G.v.d.Veenstraat 107, NL-3762 XK, Soest, Netherlands; 7Charles Darwin Foundation for the Galapagos Islands, Av. 6 de Diciembre N 36-109 y Pasaje California, Post Box 17-01-3891, Quito, Ecuador; 8Centro Regional Universitario Bariloche, Universidad Nacional del Comahue, 8400 Bariloche, Argentina; 9Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Anadolu University, Eskisehir, Turkey; 103010 West 112th St., 55431-3815, Bloomington. MN, USA; 11Dept. of Chemistry, Australian National University, P.O. Box 4, 0200, Canberra, Australia; 12National Botanic Garden of Belgium, Department of Bryophytes-Thallophytes, Domaine de Bouchout, B-1860 Meise, Belgium; 13Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, 75 North Eagleville road, University of Connecticut, Storrs CT, 06269-3043 USA; 14Department of Botany, University of Otago, Box 56, Dunedin, New Zealand; 15The Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia, Botany Department, The Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia, 1900 Benjamin Franklin Pky. 19103, Philadelphia, USA; 16Dept of biology (BIO), Univ of Bergen, Allegaten 41, 5007, Bergen, Norway; 17Department of Botany, The Field Museum, 1400 S. Lake Shore Drive Chicago, IL 60605, USA; 18Dept. of Biology, Duke University, Box 90338, 27708, Durham, North Carolina USA; 19School of Life Science, Södertörns högskola, SE-141 89 Huddinge, Sweden; 20Dept. Botanica, Centro regional Universitario Bariloche, Universidad Nacional del Comahue Quintral 1250 8400SC de Bariloche, Rio Negro Argentina; 21University of North Carolin Herbarium, CB 3280 Coker may, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill NC 27599-3280,USA; 22University of Göttingen, Untere Karsp 2, D-37073 Göttingen, Germany; 23Department of Zoology, The Field Museum, 1400 S. Lake Shore Drive Chicago, IL 60605, USA 24Department of Integrated Natural Sciences, Arizona State University, West Campus AZ, USA, 25Lund University, Dept. of Systematic Botany, Ostra-Vallgatan 18-20, S-22361Lund, Sweden; 26Department of Ecology, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Box 7002, SE-750 07 Uppsala, Sweden; 27Institute of the Industrial Ecology оf the North, Kola Science Center, Russian Academy of Sciences Fersmana str., 14a 184209, Apatity Murmansk region, Russia.8Centro Regional Universitario Bariloche, Universidad Nacional del Comahue, 8400 Bariloche, Argentina; 9Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Anadolu University, Eskisehir, Turkey; 103010 West 112th St., 55431-3815, Bloomington. MN, USA; 11Dept. of Chemistry, Australian National University, P.O. Box 4, 0200, Canberra, Australia; 12National Botanic Garden of Belgium, Department of Bryophytes-Thallophytes, Domaine de Bouchout, B-1860 Meise, Belgium; 13Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, 75 North Eagleville road, University of Connecticut, Storrs CT, 06269-3043 USA; 14Department of Botany, University of Otago, Box 56, Dunedin, New Zealand; 15The Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia, Botany Department, The Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia, 1900 Benjamin Franklin Pky. 19103, Philadelphia, USA; 16Dept of biology (BIO), Univ of Bergen, Allegaten 41, 5007, Bergen, Norway; 17Department of Botany, The Field Museum, 1400 S. Lake Shore Drive Chicago, IL 60605, USA; 18Dept. of Biology, Duke University, Box 90338, 27708, Durham, North Carolina USA; 19School of Life Science, Södertörns högskola, SE-141 89 Huddinge, Sweden; 20Dept. Botanica, Centro regional Universitario Bariloche, Universidad Nacional del Comahue Quintral 1250 8400SC de Bariloche, Rio Negro Argentina; 21University of North Carolin Herbarium, CB 3280 Coker may, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill NC 27599-3280,USA; 22University of Göttingen, Untere Karsp 2, D-37073 Göttingen, Germany; 23Department of Zoology, The Field Museum, 1400 S. Lake Shore Drive Chicago, IL 60605, USA 24Department of Integrated Natural Sciences, Arizona State University, West Campus AZ, USA, 25Lund University, Dept. of Systematic Botany, Ostra-Vallgatan 18-20, S-22361Lund, Sweden; 26Department of Ecology, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Box 7002, SE-750 07 Uppsala, Sweden; 27Institute of the Industrial Ecology оf the North, Kola Science Center, Russian Academy of Sciences Fersmana str., 14a 184209, Apatity Murmansk region, Russia.sehir, Turkey; 103010 West 112th St., 55431-3815, Bloomington. MN, USA; 11Dept. of Chemistry, Australian National University, P.O. Box 4, 0200, Canberra, Australia; 12National Botanic Garden of Belgium, Department of Bryophytes-Thallophytes, Domaine de Bouchout, B-1860 Meise, Belgium; 13Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, 75 North Eagleville road, University of Connecticut, Storrs CT, 06269-3043 USA; 14Department of Botany, University of Otago, Box 56, Dunedin, New Zealand; 15The Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia, Botany Department, The Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia, 1900 Benjamin Franklin Pky. 19103, Philadelphia, USA; 16Dept of biology (BIO), Univ of Bergen, Allegaten 41, 5007, Bergen, Norway; 17Department of Botany, The Field Museum, 1400 S. Lake Shore Drive Chicago, IL 60605, USA; 18Dept. of Biology, Duke University, Box 90338, 27708, Durham, North Carolina USA; 19School of Life Science, Södertörns högskola, SE-141 89 Huddinge, Sweden; 20Dept. Botanica, Centro regional Universitario Bariloche, Universidad Nacional del Comahue Quintral 1250 8400SC de Bariloche, Rio Negro Argentina; 21University of North Carolin Herbarium, CB 3280 Coker may, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill NC 27599-3280,USA; 22University of Göttingen, Untere Karsp 2, D-37073 Göttingen, Germany; 23Department of Zoology, The Field Museum, 1400 S. Lake Shore Drive Chicago, IL 60605, USA 24Department of Integrated Natural Sciences, Arizona State University, West Campus AZ, USA, 25Lund University, Dept. of Systematic Botany, Ostra-Vallgatan 18-20, S-22361Lund, Sweden; 26Department of Ecology, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Box 7002, SE-750 07 Uppsala, Sweden; 27Institute of the Industrial Ecology оf the North, Kola Science Center, Russian Academy of Sciences Fersmana str., 14a 184209, Apatity Murmansk region, Russia.11Dept. of Chemistry, Australian National University, P.O. Box 4, 0200, Canberra, Australia; 12National Botanic Garden of Belgium, Department of Bryophytes-Thallophytes, Domaine de Bouchout, B-1860 Meise, Belgium; 13Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, 75 North Eagleville road, University of Connecticut, Storrs CT, 06269-3043 USA; 14Department of Botany, University of Otago, Box 56, Dunedin, New Zealand; 15The Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia, Botany Department, The Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia, 1900 Benjamin Franklin Pky. 19103, Philadelphia, USA; 16Dept of biology (BIO), Univ of Bergen, Allegaten 41, 5007, Bergen, Norway; 17Department of Botany, The Field Museum, 1400 S. Lake Shore Drive Chicago, IL 60605, USA; 18Dept. of Biology, Duke University, Box 90338, 27708, Durham, North Carolina USA; 19School of Life Science, Södertörns högskola, SE-141 89 Huddinge, Sweden; 20Dept. Botanica, Centro regional Universitario Bariloche, Universidad Nacional del Comahue Quintral 1250 8400SC de Bariloche, Rio Negro Argentina; 21University of North Carolin Herbarium, CB 3280 Coker may, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill NC 27599-3280,USA; 22University of Göttingen, Untere Karsp 2, D-37073 Göttingen, Germany; 23Department of Zoology, The Field Museum, 1400 S. Lake Shore Drive Chicago, IL 60605, USA 24Department of Integrated Natural Sciences, Arizona State University, West Campus AZ, USA, 25Lund University, Dept. of Systematic Botany, Ostra-Vallgatan 18-20, S-22361Lund, Sweden; 26Department of Ecology, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Box 7002, SE-750 07 Uppsala, Sweden; 27Institute of the Industrial Ecology оf the North, Kola Science Center, Russian Academy of Sciences Fersmana str., 14a 184209, Apatity Murmansk region, Russia.13Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, 75 North Eagleville road, University of Connecticut, Storrs CT, 06269-3043 USA; 14Department of Botany, University of Otago, Box 56, Dunedin, New Zealand; 15The Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia, Botany Department, The Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia, 1900 Benjamin Franklin Pky. 19103, Philadelphia, USA; 16Dept of biology (BIO), Univ of Bergen, Allegaten 41, 5007, Bergen, Norway; 17Department of Botany, The Field Museum, 1400 S. Lake Shore Drive Chicago, IL 60605, USA; 18Dept. of Biology, Duke University, Box 90338, 27708, Durham, North Carolina USA; 19School of Life Science, Södertörns högskola, SE-141 89 Huddinge, Sweden; 20Dept. Botanica, Centro regional Universitario Bariloche, Universidad Nacional del Comahue Quintral 1250 8400SC de Bariloche, Rio Negro Argentina; 21University of North Carolin Herbarium, CB 3280 Coker may, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill NC 27599-3280,USA; 22University of Göttingen, Untere Karsp 2, D-37073 Göttingen, Germany; 23Department of Zoology, The Field Museum, 1400 S. Lake Shore Drive Chicago, IL 60605, USA 24Department of Integrated Natural Sciences, Arizona State University, West Campus AZ, USA, 25Lund University, Dept. of Systematic Botany, Ostra-Vallgatan 18-20, S-22361Lund, Sweden; 26Department of Ecology, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Box 7002, SE-750 07 Uppsala, Sweden; 27Institute of the Industrial Ecology оf the North, Kola Science Center, Russian Academy of Sciences Fersmana str., 14a 184209, Apatity Murmansk region, Russia.14Department of Botany, University of Otago, Box 56, Dunedin, New Zealand; 15The Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia, Botany Department, The Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia, 1900 Benjamin Franklin Pky. 19103, Philadelphia, USA; 16Dept of biology (BIO), Univ of Bergen, Allegaten 41, 5007, Bergen, Norway; 17Department of Botany, The Field Museum, 1400 S. Lake Shore Drive Chicago, IL 60605, USA; 18Dept. of Biology, Duke University, Box 90338, 27708, Durham, North Carolina USA; 19