Cytogenetic characterization and prognosis of myelodysplastic syndrome argentine population

BELLI, CAROLINA; ACEVEDO, SUSANA; ARROSSAGARAY, GUILLERMO; BENGIÓ, RAQUEL; FLORES, GABRIELA; GOLDZSTEIN, SOFÍA; NEGRI ARANGUREN, PEDRO; LARRIPA, IRENE

Punta del Este

Congreso; XXXI World Congress of the International Society of Hematology 2007; 2007

ISH

Myelodysplastic Syndromes (MDS) comprise a group of heterogeneous hematological disorders with risk of leukemic evolution (LE). The French-American-British (FAB) cooperative group classifies them into five morphological entities and the International Prognostic Scoring System (IPSS) proposes four groups of risk on the basis of clinical and cytogenetics variables. Objectives: to characterize the cytogenetic profile, to test its prognostic value and to apply the IPSS in our MDS population. Materials and methods: bone marrow samples from 275 MDS patients classified according to FAB (128 RA, 27 RARS, 69 RAEB, 23 RAEBt and 27 CMML) were short-term cultured. Results: karyotypes were obtained from 228 patients and 89 (39%) showed cytogenetic aberrations. Chromosomes 5, 7 and 8 were the mostly involved, either as a sole abnormality or in complex karyotypes. Although no particular aberration was associated to any FAB subtype, their frequencies were increased according to the subgroup risk: 33% RA, 44% RARS, 45% RAEB, 76% RAEBt and 39% for LMMC. The karyotypes were also subdivided according to IPSS cytogenetic risk into 147 good, 47 intermediate and 34 poor. In addition, the IPSS was fully applied and the patients were stratified into 64 Low, 92 Intermediate (Int)-1, 43 Int-2 and 29 High. Also the median Survival (SV) and the time to LE (median follow-up: 22 months) were determined for FAB classification, cytogenetic groups of risk and for the IPSS, the three of them showed statistical significances for predicting outcome. Conclusions: Our results showed that cytogenetic, FAB and IPSS are important tools for accessing prognosis in MDS patients. Keys words: MDS, cytogenetic, leukemic evolution