Dietary Risk Assessment of pesticides registered in Argentina following national MRL legislation

MAGGIONI, D.; SIGNORINI, M.L.; REPETTI, M.R.; BELDOMÉNICO, H.

Bogotá

Workshop; 4 th LATIN AMERICAN PESTICIDE RESIDUE WORKSHOP; 2013

Universidad Nacional de Colombia

Argentina developed during last decade an extraordinary grow of agricultura! production, mainly by the introduction of advanced technologies. The use of pesticides and other agrochemicals played a significan! role in this evolution. In 201 O, updating previous legislation, a national list of authorized Maximum Residue Limits (MRL) was adopted, and completed in 2012 for a list of remaining minor or unprotected crops. In this scenario, risk assessment enhances it concern in order to provide sound tools to activities such as evaluation, control and prevention to preserve public health and protect the sustainable integrity of environment. This work present a chronic dietary risk assessment of the pesticides registered in Argentina,evaluating the Theoretical Maximum Daily lntake (TMDI) for each pesticide, following WHO/FAO guidelines. Argentinean MRL's used were from Res. SE NASA W 934/201 O, which includes 300 a.i. for a list 227 items of vegetal cultures totalizing 2805 MRL/cultures combinations;from definitions of the Argentinean Food Codex (CAA) for 70 pesticides in mil k, and from other punctual national regulations. Food consumption data were based on the National Nutrition and Health Survey (ENNyS, 2007) [1], which evaluated food consumption in Argentina stratified into tour clusters (6-23 month old children, 2-5 years old children, pregnant women, 10-49 years old women). For risk characterization, a comparison between TMDI and the acceptable daily intakes (ADI)from several international bibliographic sources were conducted. The main parameter used for the characterization was the proportion of the ADI (% ADI) which each pesticide represents, using deterministic and probabilistic techniques. Preliminary results allow to identify that the TMDI was higher than the ADI (%ADI>100) in a variable percentage (4-11%) depending the cluster considered and the amount of compounds included in each one. Pesticides of different aptitude and chemical type, of extended .use in Argentina, like dimethoate, carbofuran, paraquat among others, showed to be in this status. Our work contributed with not previously available information, using a National database offood consumption, as additional specific information to the standard analysis for TMDI calculation,that uses international databases (2012- GEMS/Food Consumption Cluster Diets and others available). Findings of compounds that presented potential health concern to consumers, will be of primary importance to adequate pesticide residue monitoring programs and the registration process in Argentina. Further studies generating and considering experimental res id u e data and restriction aspects, for example, inedible portions of food , processing factors, uncertainties in the food consumption data, and others, will contribute to the refinement of this evaluation.