INVESTIGADORES
GONZALEZ Mariana
congresos y reuniones científicas
Título:
Endosulfan and cypermethrin-induced oxidative stress in plants and their influence on phytoremediation process.
Autor/es:
MITTON, FRANCESCA MARIA; GONZALEZ, MARIANA; SHIMABUKURO, VALERIA MERCEDES; MONSERRAT, J. M.; MIGLIORANZA, KARINA SILVIA BEATRIZ
Lugar:
Milan
Reunión:
Congreso; 21st SETAC Europe Annual Meeting; 2011
Resumen:
Phytoremediation involves the use of vegetation for in situ treatment of contaminated soils, sediments,
and water. It is applicable at sites containing organic pollutants where plants can uptake
and metabolize them and/or enhance the rhizospheric activity. However, some pollutants are
known to enhance Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) formation and it can affect the efficiency of
phytoremediation due to toxic effects. ROS produce oxidative damage to proteins, DNA and
lipids. Under optimal growth conditions, ROS are produced at a low level in organelles such as
chloroplasts, mitochondria and peroxisomes. However, pesticide uptake can dramatically elevate
their rate of production. The aim of this work was to study the oxidative stress in edible plants
exposed to soils spiked with a mixture of endosulfan and cypermethrin as a measure of plant
tolerance for their use in soil phytoremediation. Lipid peroxidation (malondyaldehide content,
MDA) and total antioxidant capacity against peroxyl radicals (ACAP) was measure in leaves
and roots of soybean, sunflower, colza and alfalfa plants grown in soil spiked with technical endosulfan
(Master® 35%, 5 ppm) and cypermethrin (Goti Glex, cis 40-50, 25%, 0.5 ppm) after 15
and 60 days of exposure. Control plants were grown in the same soil without pesticides. Results
showed an increase in the ACAP of roots and leaves at 60 days for most species while MDA levels
increase only in leaves. These results can indicate that pesticide uptake and translocation may
trigger oxidative damage in leaves. However in older plants, growth leads to higher photosynthesis
rate and ROS production that enhance the oxidative damage caused by pesticides. Plants
grown in contaminated soils showed lower biomass and growth rate than control plants (clean
soils) suggesting pesticide toxicity, and the lower MDA levels would be related to changes in lipid
types (ie. lower proportion of unsaturated lipids). The knowledge about the induction of oxidative
stress by pesticides is necessary for planning phytoremediation strategies and allows selecting
tolerant species according to particular sceneries.