EVALUATION OF ANTHROPOMETRIC, NUTRITIONAL AND METABOLIC PARAMETERS. EFFECT OF A DIET BASED ON CHRONOBIOLOGY

ALFONSO JO; LOPEZ M; CELIS-HUENTECOL CA; GUTIERREZ AGÜERO A; TOLEDO, F; PEREZ CHACA V; CIMINARI E; GOMEZ N; PIGUILLEN S; ALVAREZ S; DELGADO SM; NAVIGATORE FONZO LS; ANZULOVICH AC

San Juan

Congreso; SBCuyo 2023; 2023

In recent decades it has been observed that the phenomenon of nutrition transition and prevalence of obesity (OB) isreaching alarming numbers and become a pandemic. The cause of OB is multifactorial, including genetic, environmental,and dietary factors, among which, hypercaloric diets play a central role in the development of the disease. On the otherhand, it has been demonstrated that OB in adults increases the risk of age-related neurodegenerative diseases and that adisruption of circadian rhythms could be part of the underlying mechanisms. Hence, within the framework of aninstitutional project of the IMIBIO-SL, which studies Obesity as a disease predisposing to the development of chronicdiseases associated with age and the search for early biomarkers with predictive potential, our objective was to evaluatethe effect of a chronobiology-based diet on different metabolic and circadian parameters of a nutritional model of OB inrat. To do this, male Wistar rats, weaned at 21 days of age, were fed a normocaloric diet (NC), and at two months of age,they were randomly separated and fed the NC diet (CO group) and a high fat diet (OB group), for the next 14 weeks.Then, half of the rats in the CO and OB groups were fed for the next 8 weeks what we called a "chronodiet", giving riseto the CRCO and CROB groups. The animals were kept under conditions of 12h-light:12h-darkness and 22-24°C, withwater and food ad-libitum. For the temporal studies, at least four (4) animals from each group were sacrificed every six(6) hours, at zeitgeber times (ZT): ZT2, ZT8, ZT14 and ZT20. All experiments were approved by the CICUA (UNSL).Serum metabolic parameters such as: glucose (G), triglycerides (TG), total cholesterol (TC), HDLc and LDLc + VLDLc,were determined using commercial kits. Statistical differences were analyzed by one-way ANOVA, followed by a posthoctest, to confirm statistical differences between ZTs within each group; chronobiological statistics were used toconfirm the presence of rhythms and the one-way ANOVA, followed by a post-hoc test to compare rhythm parameterssuch as acrophase, mesor and amplitude between the four groups. We found that the levels of GLU, LDLc + VLDLc,TG, GPT and GOT, increased, while HDLc decreased, in the OB group (p<0.01 in all cases), compared to the CO group.These levels vary significantly and rhythmically throughout the day in rat serum, with acrophases occurring at thebeginning of the night period. Contrary to expectations, feeding a chronobiology-based diet did not have significanteffects on the daily rhythms of the studied parameters.