Physiological and molecular regulation of the hypothalamic-neurohypophysial system

ANDREA GODINO; LENCINA CRISTINA; C. PORCARI; CAEIRO X.

Congreso; REUNION DE LA SOCIEDAD PANAMERICANDA DE CIENCIAS FISIOLOGICAS; 2023

Cardiovascular control is vulnerable to forced high sodium consumption during the perinatal period, inducing programming effects, with anatomical and molecular changes at the kidney, brain, and vascular levels that increase basal and induce blood pressure. The Vasopressinergic system has been also involved in several programming models. However, the programming effects of the natriophilia proper of the perinatal period on blood pressure control and the vasopressinergic system have not yet been elucidated. In order to evaluate this, we studied the effect of a sodium overload challenge (SO) on blood pressure response and kidney and brain gene expression in adult offspring exposed to voluntary hypertonic sodium consumption during the perinatal period (PM-NaCl group). A two-way-ANOVA was used and a posthoc test was where appropriate. Bioethics Committee approval (#009/2019) Male PM-NaCl rats showed a more sustained increase in blood pressure after SO than controls (PM-Ctrol). The relative expression of heteronuclear vasopressin (AVP hnRNA) and AVP in the supraoptic nucleus was unchanged after SO in PM-NaCl in contrast to the increase observed in PM-Ctrol. The PM-NaCl also presented a reduced number of glomeruli, decreased expression of transient receptor potential vanilloid type 1 (TRPV1), and increased expression of angiotensinergic type 1 receptor (At1a) without changes in vasopressinergic 2 receptor (V2) in the kidney cortex. The data indicate that the availability of a rich source of sodium during the perinatal period induces a long-term effect modifying neuroendocrine, renal and cardiovascular responses implicated in the control of hydroelectrolyte homeostasis.