Both parallel and convergent evolution of the gene repertoire underlie the ecological transition to life out of sea in molluscs

ARÍSTIDE, LEANDRO; FERNÁNDEZ, ROSA

Conferencia; Biodiversity Genomics Conference; 2022

Earth Biogenome Project - Wellcome Sanger Institute

Theexpansion of the ecological niche of animals out of marine environmentsconstitutes one of the most dramatic ecological and evolutionary events inEarth's history. Noticeably, this transition occurred repeatedly acrossnumerous animal lineages, providing the opportunity to study the genomicunderpinnings of such convergent adaptive processes. Here we performed acomparative genomic analysis of the Mollusca radiation, a highly diverse groupof invertebrates, to explore lineage-specific genomic changes associated withtransitions to life in non-marine environments. To do so, we de novo assembledhigh-quality transcriptomic and genomic data from 107 species, encompassing allmajor molluscan clades (i.e. orders) and several evolutionary independenttransitions out of marine environments. We identified and reconstructed theevolutionary dynamics of gene families along the phylogeny of the phylum, andestimated gene gain and loss rates across these gene families. We identifiedseveral gene families with significantly elevated rates of change in size inlineages where transitions to life out of the sea have occurred. Noticeably, asignificant fraction of these families are convergently expanded between theselineages, being enriched in relevant functions for adaptation to non-marineenvironments. More strikingly, lineage-specific expanded families show a signalof functional convergence across lineages, pointing to a potential evolutionaryparallelism. Here we present, explore and discuss the potential functional andadaptive significance of these findings. Our results set the road towardsunderstanding the genomic underpinnings of transitions out of marineenvironments at a deeper level.@font-face{font-family:"Cambria Math";panose-1:2 4 5 3 5 4 6 3 2 4;mso-font-charset:0;mso-generic-font-family:roman;mso-font-pitch:variable;mso-font-signature:-536870145 1107305727 0 0 415 0;}@font-face{font-family:Calibri;panose-1:2 15 5 2 2 2 4 3 2 4;mso-font-charset:0;mso-generic-font-family:swiss;mso-font-pitch:variable;mso-font-signature:-536859905 -1073732485 9 0 511 0;}p.MsoNormal, li.MsoNormal, div.MsoNormal{mso-style-unhide:no;mso-style-qformat:yes;mso-style-parent:"";margin-top:0cm;margin-right:0cm;margin-bottom:10.0pt;margin-left:0cm;line-height:115%;mso-pagination:widow-orphan;mso-hyphenate:none;font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;mso-ascii-font-family:Calibri;mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-latin;mso-fareast-font-family:Calibri;mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-latin;mso-hansi-font-family:Calibri;mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-latin;mso-bidi-font-family:Calibri;mso-bidi-theme-font:minor-bidi;}p.MsoBodyText, li.MsoBodyText, div.MsoBodyText{mso-style-unhide:no;mso-style-link:"Body Text Char";margin-top:0cm;margin-right:0cm;margin-bottom:7.0pt;margin-left:0cm;line-height:115%;mso-pagination:widow-orphan;mso-hyphenate:none;font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;mso-ascii-font-family:Calibri;mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-latin;mso-fareast-font-family:Calibri;mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-latin;mso-hansi-font-family:Calibri;mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-latin;mso-bidi-font-family:Calibri;mso-bidi-theme-font:minor-bidi;}span.BodyTextChar{mso-style-name:"Body Text Char";mso-style-unhide:no;mso-style-locked:yes;mso-style-link:"Body Text";mso-ansi-font-size:11.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;mso-ascii-font-family:Calibri;mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-latin;mso-fareast-font-family:Calibri;mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-latin;mso-hansi-font-family:Calibri;mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-latin;mso-bidi-font-family:Calibri;mso-bidi-theme-font:minor-bidi;mso-ansi-language:EN-US;mso-fareast-language:EN-US;}.MsoChpDefault{mso-style-type:export-only;mso-default-props:yes;font-size:10.0pt;mso-ansi-font-size:10.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:10.0pt;mso-ansi-language:EN-GB;mso-fareast-language:EN-GB;}.MsoPapDefault{mso-style-type:export-only;mso-hyphenate:none;}div.WordSection1{page:WordSection1;}