Grain yield, nutrient content and lipid profile of oat genotypes grown in a semiarid environment.

MARTINEZ, M.F.; ARELOVICH, H.M.; WEHRHAHNE, L.

FIELD CROPS RESEARCH

ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV

Año: 2009

0378-4290

Abstract: The objective was to evaluate oat cultivars for grain yield and quality in two years ofdifferent climatic conditions. Cultivars were  chosen for forage yield, pest orenvironmental stress resistance. The study, in 2004 and 2005, included 15 cultivars of A. sativa and 3 of A.byzantina seeded in 1.4 by 5.5 m plots. One set of plots was managed for dual purpose (DP), anda second set was only for grain (GO). Total grain yield (GYLD) and hectolitre weight (HW) wasdetermined for DP and GO, while grain samples from DP were analyzed for crude protein (CP);ether extract (EE), starch (STA), ¦Â-Glucan (¦Â-GLU), neutral detergent fiber (NDF), acid detergentfiber (ADF), acid detergent lignin (ADL) and fatty acid composition. Annual precipitation was 819.4mm and 423 mm, and frost days were 27 and 31 for 2004 and 2005 respectively. Significantinteractions of cultivars by year were found for all variables. Overall GYLD  was 88 % higher whenoat was managed for GO. The highest yields within DP were for Bw 103, Canai, Pilar, Polaris,Roc¨ªo (2004) and U 16 (2005). For GO, cultivars Pay¨¦, Polaris and U 16 (2004) and Maja (2005),respectively, showed the best yields. Overall and yearly means were numerically similar for HWwithin genotypes and management.  Greater CP NDF, ADL, ¦Â-GLU variability was observed in2004 compared with 2005. However ADF and STA did not appear to be influenced by year, withsimilar yearly means. For STA content, the most stable cultivars in both years were Milagros andCristal, with STA values higher than 39 %. For NDF and ADF concentration Tucana was the moststable cultivar. Cultivars BW 103, M¨¢xima and Roc¨ªo exhibited the highest ¦Â-GLU values  in bothyears. The fatty acids palmitic, oleic and linoleic acids were 91 % of total in both years with  greater variability and mean content in 2004. Low to moderate but significant correlation coefficients were:STA with GYLD (R = 0.45), NDF (R = -0.41) and HW(R = 0.38); GYLD with ¦Â-GLU (R = 0.55) in2004; and NDF with HW (R = -0.41) in 2005. The relationships found for EE and fatty acids wereless affected by year, and the more relevant  associations were: EE and oleic (R = 0.57),palmitic and estearic (R = 0.54), estearic and linolenic (R=0.60) and oleic and linoleic (R = -0.72).All variables seem more  influenced by environment than by genotype.