Detection and molecular characterization of porcine parvovirus in fetal tissues from without reproductive failure in Argentina

M. SERENA; CAPPUCCIO J; GE METZ; ASPITIA C; DIBARBORA M; GALLO CALDERON; ECHEVERRIA M. G

Heliyon

CellPress

Año: 2019

2405-8440

Porcine parvovirus (PPV) is one of many pathogens responsible for reproductivefailure in pregnant sows. Several studies have reported the appearance of new PPVstrains that differ from previous isolates both genetically and antigenically. Thus, theprotective effects of commercially inactivated vaccines could not be complete. In SouthAmerica, the information about PPV is limited. Thus, the aim of the present study wasto detect and characterize the PPV strains present in 131 mummies or stillbirths fromnormal deliveries in sows from a commercial swine farm of Argentina that uses thecommercial vaccine. PCR results showed that 17/131 were positive to PPV. Ten ofthese viruses were isolated and sequenced. All viruses were related to the PPV1sequence (NADL-2), maintaining the amino acid differences in positions 436 (S-P) and565 (R-K). This study is the first to report the isolation of PPV in Argentina and theresults suggest that PPV can cross the placenta even in vaccinated sows, thusaffecting some of the fetuses and being able to cause fetal death in sows withoutreproductive failure. The results also suggest that vaccination only reduces clinicalsigns and reproductive disorders and may thus not be a perfect tool to manage PPVinfection. This study provides information that needs to be studied in depth to improvestrategies to prevent and control PPV infection in swine farms.