Cronología y dieta en la costa atlántica pampeana, Argentina

BONOMO, M.; SCABUZZO, C. Y C. LEON

INTERSECCIONES EN ANTROPOLOGíA

Universidad Nacional del Centro de la Provincia de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Ciencias Sociales

Lugar: Olavarria; Año: 2013 p. 5 - 18

In this paper the degree of exploitation of marine resources along the pre-Hispanic occupation in the Pampean region is assessed. For that purpose, new radiocarbon dates and stable isotopes analyses on six human skeletons from the maritime littoral of Buenos Aires Province are presented. The studied bioarchaeological samples were recovered from the coastal sector located between General Alvarado and San Cayetano counties. They include human remains that were first presented by Florentino Ameghino more than a century ago. The available archaeofaunistic data from the littoral dunes and adjacent coastal plains is also considered. The new six radiocarbon dates showed that the maritime littoral of the Interserrana area was occupied since the Early-Middle Holocene (7623-7013 years C14 BP) until the Late Holocene (2790-1990 years C14 BP). According to the δ13C (apatite and collagen) and δ15N stable isotope data, the Early-Middle Holocene individuals had a mixed diet based on the consumption of terrestrial herbivores that feed on C3 vegetables and, in a lesser extent, marine resources. The obtained isotopic and radiocarbon data, analysed jointly with the available archaeofaunistic evidence, generated new information that allows the discussion of the antiquity, diet type and use of the Pampean coast by pre-Hispanic groups. In conclusion, marine resources were less exploited by hunter-gatherers during the Late Holocene than the Early-Middle Holocene.