Molecular aspects of bovine cystic ovarian disease pathogenesis

ORTEGA HH; MARELLI B; REY F; AMWEG A; DIAZ, PU; STANGAFERRO M; SALVETTI NR

REPRODUCTION

BIOSCIENTIFICA LTD

Lugar: Bristol; Año: 2015 vol. 149 p. 251 - 264

1470-1626

Cystic ovarian disease (COD) is one of the main causes of reproductive failure in cattle and causes severe economic loss to the dairyfarm industry because it increases both days open in the post partum period and replacement rates due to infertility. This disease isthe consequence of the failure of a mature follicle to ovulate at the time of ovulation in the estrous cycle. This review examines theevidence for the role of altered steroid and gonadotropin signaling systems and the proliferation/apoptosis balance in the ovary withcystic structures. This evidence suggests that changes in the expression of ovarian molecular components associated with these cellularmechanisms could play a fundamental role in the pathogenesis of COD. The evidence also shows that gonadotropin receptorexpression in bovine cystic follicles is altered, which suggests that changes in the signaling system of gonadotropins could play afundamental role in the pathogenesis of conditions characterized by altered ovulation, such as COD. Ovaries from animals with CODexhibit a disrupted steroid receptor pattern with modifications in the expression of coregulatory proteins. These changes in the pathwaysof endocrine action would trigger the changes in proliferation and apoptosis underlying the aberrant persistence of follicular cysts.