Layer-by-layer electrostatic deposition of biomolecules on surfaces for molecular recognition, redox mediation and signal generation

EJ. CALVO; F BATTAGLINI; C DANILOWICZ; A WOLOSIUK; MARCELO JAVIER OTERO

FARADAY DISCUSSIONS

ROYAL SOC CHEMISTRY

Año: 2000 vol. 116 p. 47 - 65

1364-5498

Layer-by-layer supramolecular structures composed of alternate layers of negatively charged enzymes and cationic redox polyelectrolyte have been assembled. Glucose oxidase (GOx), lactate oxidase (LOx) and soybean peroxidase (SBP) have been electrically wired to the underlying electrode by means of poly(allylamine) with [Os(bpy)2ClPyCOH]` covalently attached (PAAÈOs) in organized structures with high spatial resolution. Biotinylated glucose oxidase has also been used to assemble step-by-step on antibiotin goat immunoglobulin (IgG) layers and the enzyme was electrically wired by PAAÈOs. These spatially organized multilayers with mono- and bienzymatic schemes can work efficiently in molecular recognition, redox mediation and generation of an electrical signal. The concentration of redox mediator integrated into the multilayers, obtained from the voltammetric charge and an estimation of the layer thickness, exceeds by 100-fold the amount of deposited enzyme assessed by quartz crystal microbalance. Di.erences in GOx electrical wiring efficiency have been detected with the di.erent assembling strategies. The surface concentration of electrically wired enzyme represents a small proportion of all the enzyme molecules present in the multilayers which can be oxidized by the soluble mediator [Os(bpy) PyCOOH]Cl. This proportion, as well as the rate of 2Cl FADH2 oxidation by PAAÈOs, increases with the number of electrically wired enzyme layers and with the spatial accessibility of the Os moiety to the enzyme active center.