CONICET | Buscador de Institutos y Recursos Humanos

The effect of vitamin E on growth, survival and hepatopancreas structure of the Argentine red shrimp Pleoticus muelleriBate (Crustacea, Penaeidea) AnaliaV Ferna Ł ndez Gimenez, Jorge L Fenucci & Ana M Petriella Departamento de Ciencias Marinas, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad Nacional de Mar del Plata, CONICET, Funes 3350, Mar del Plata, Argentina Correspondence: J L Fenucci, Departamento de Ciencias Marinas, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, UNMP, Funes 3350, B7602AYL, Mar del Plata, Argentina. E-mail: jfenucci@mdp.edu.ar B7602AYL, Mar del Plata, Argentina. E-mail: jfenucci@mdp.edu.ar J L Fenucci, Departamento de Ciencias Marinas, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, UNMP, Funes 3350, B7602AYL, Mar del Plata, Argentina. E-mail: jfenucci@mdp.edu.ar Abstract Two trials were conducted to evaluate the growth, survival and hepatopancreas histology of the Argentine red shrimp Pleoticus muelleri (Bate,1888) fed different levels of vitamin E and butylated hydroxytoluene (BHT) in a semipuri¢ed diet. The diets contained 0, 100, 600 or 1500mg vitamin E kg1 and 16 mg BHT kg1 diet (trial 1) and 0,1250,1500,1750 or 2000mg vitamin E kg1diet, squidmantle and vitamin- free diet as a control (trial 2). After 30 days (trial1), survival ranged between 43% and 64%, and the percentageweight gain of the shrimp varied from 22% to 31% with no signi¢cant di¡erences among treatments (Po0.05). After 40 days (trial 2), survival of shrimp fed the diet with no vitamin E and squid mantle was signi¢cantly lower (62%) than the other treatment (86^90%). Shrimp fed diets containing vitamin E from 1250 to 1750 mg kg1 exhibited increased weight gain (34^65%); however, a signi- ¢cant di¡erence was observed for shrimp fed the diet containing 2000 mg kg1. Histological results yielded di¡erences among treatments. In shrimp fed 1750 mg kg1 of vitamin E, the functional morphology of the organ was normal, with abundant secretion in the tubules. Signs of malnourishment such as cellular and nuclear retraction, desquamation of cells and hipertro¢a, were evident in the hepatopancreas of shrimp fed the other diets. The results indicate that optimal vitamin E requirement for P. muelleri under the present experimental conditions appears to be approximately1750mg vitamin E kg1diet. the present experimental conditions appears to be approximately1750mg vitamin E kg1diet. of the organ was normal, with abundant secretion in the tubules. Signs of malnourishment such as cellular and nuclear retraction, desquamation of cells and hipertro¢a, were evident in the hepatopancreas of shrimp fed the other diets. The results indicate that optimal vitamin E requirement for P. muelleri under the present experimental conditions appears to be approximately1750mg vitamin E kg1diet. the present experimental conditions appears to be approximately1750mg vitamin E kg1diet. yielded di¡erences among treatments. In shrimp fed 1750 mg kg1 of vitamin E, the functional morphology of the organ was normal, with abundant secretion in the tubules. Signs of malnourishment such as cellular and nuclear retraction, desquamation of cells and hipertro¢a, were evident in the hepatopancreas of shrimp fed the other diets. The results indicate that optimal vitamin E requirement for P. muelleri under the present experimental conditions appears to be approximately1750mg vitamin E kg1diet. the present experimental conditions appears to be approximately1750mg vitamin E kg1diet. of the organ was normal, with abundant secretion in the tubules. Signs of malnourishment such as cellular and nuclear retraction, desquamation of cells and hipertro¢a, were evident in the hepatopancreas of shrimp fed the other diets. The results indicate that optimal vitamin E requirement for P. muelleri under the present experimental conditions appears to be approximately1750mg vitamin E kg1diet. the present experimental conditions appears to be approximately1750mg vitamin E kg1diet. weight gain (34^65%); however, a signi- ¢cant di¡erence was observed for shrimp fed the diet containing 2000 mg kg1. Histological results yielded di¡erences among treatments. In shrimp fed 1750 mg kg1 of vitamin E, the functional morphology of the organ was normal, with abundant secretion in the tubules. Signs of malnourishment such as cellular and nuclear retraction, desquamation of cells and hipertro¢a, were evident in the hepatopancreas of shrimp fed the other diets. The results indicate that optimal vitamin E requirement for P. muelleri under the present experimental conditions appears to be approximately1750mg vitamin E kg1diet. the present experimental conditions appears to be approximately1750mg vitamin E kg1diet. of the organ was normal, with abundant secretion in the tubules. Signs of malnourishment such as cellular and nuclear retraction, desquamation of cells and hipertro¢a, were evident in the hepatopancreas of shrimp fed the other diets. The results indicate that optimal vitamin E requirement for P. muelleri under the present experimental conditions appears to be approximately1750mg vitamin E kg1diet. the present experimental conditions appears to be approximately1750mg vitamin E kg1diet. yielded di¡erences among treatments. In shrimp fed 1750 mg kg1 of vitamin E, the functional morphology of the organ was normal, with abundant secretion in the tubules. Signs of malnourishment such as cellular and nuclear retraction, desquamation of cells and hipertro¢a, were evident in the hepatopancreas of shrimp fed the other diets. The results indicate that optimal vitamin E requirement for P. muelleri under the present experimental conditions appears to be approximately1750mg vitamin E kg1diet. the present experimental conditions appears to be approximately1750mg vitamin E kg1diet. of the organ was normal, with abundant secretion in the tubules. Signs of malnourishment such as cellular and nuclear retraction, desquamation of cells and hipertro¢a, were evident in the hepatopancreas of shrimp fed the other diets. The results indicate that optimal vitamin E requirement for P. muelleri under the present experimental conditions appears to be approximately1750mg vitamin E kg1diet. the present experimental conditions appears to be approximately1750mg vitamin E kg1diet. of shrimp fed the diet with no vitamin E and squid mantle was signi¢cantly lower (62%) than the other treatment (86^90%). Shrimp fed diets containing vitamin E from 1250 to 1750 mg kg1 exhibited increased weight gain (34^65%); however, a signi- ¢cant di¡erence was observed for shrimp fed the diet containing 2000 mg kg1. Histological results yielded di¡erences among treatments. In shrimp fed 1750 mg kg1 of vitamin E, the functional morphology of the organ was normal, with abundant secretion in the tubules. Signs of malnourishment such as cellular and nuclear retraction, desquamation of cells and hipertro¢a, were evident in the hepatopancreas of shrimp fed the other diets. The results indicate that optimal vitamin E requirement for P. muelleri under the present experimental conditions appears to be approximately1750mg vitamin E kg1diet. the present experimental conditions appears to be approximately1750mg vitamin E kg1diet. of the organ was normal, with abundant secretion in the tubules. Signs of malnourishment such as cellular and nuclear retraction, desquamation of cells and hipertro¢a, were evident in the hepatopancreas of shrimp fed the other diets. The results indicate that optimal vitamin E requirement for P. muelleri under the present experimental conditions appears to be approximately1750mg vitamin E kg1diet. the present experimental conditions appears to be approximately1750mg vitamin E kg1diet. yielded di¡erences among treatments. In shrimp fed 1750 mg kg1 of vitamin E, the functional morphology of the organ was normal, with abundant secretion in the tubules. Signs of malnourishment such as cellular and nuclear retraction, desquamation of cells and hipertro¢a, were evident in the hepatopancreas of shrimp fed the other diets. The results indicate that optimal vitamin E requirement for P. muelleri under the present experimental conditions appears to be approximately1750mg vitamin E kg1diet. the present experimental conditions appears to be approximately1750mg vitamin E kg1diet. of the organ was normal, with abundant secretion in the tubules. Signs of malnourishment such as cellular and nuclear retraction, desquamation of cells and hipertro¢a, were evident in the hepatopancreas of shrimp fed the other diets. The results indicate that optimal vitamin E requirement for P. muelleri under the present experimental conditions appears to be approximately1750mg vitamin E kg1diet. the present experimental conditions appears to be approximately1750mg vitamin E kg1diet. weight gain (34^65%); however, a signi- ¢cant di¡erence was observed for shrimp fed the diet containing 2000 mg kg1. Histological results yielded di¡erences among treatments. In shrimp fed 1750 mg kg1 of vitamin E, the functional morphology of the organ was normal, with abundant secretion in the tubules. Signs of malnourishment such as cellular and nuclear retraction, desquamation of cells and hipertro¢a, were evident in the hepatopancreas of shrimp fed the other diets. The results indicate that optimal vitamin E requirement for P. muelleri under the present experimental conditions appears to be approximately1750mg vitamin E kg1diet. the present experimental conditions appears to be approximately1750mg vitamin E kg1diet. of the organ was normal, with abundant secretion in the tubules. Signs of malnourishment such as cellular and nuclear retraction, desquamation of cells and hipertro¢a, were evident in the hepatopancreas of shrimp fed the other diets. The results indicate that optimal vitamin E requirement for P. muelleri under the present experimental conditions appears to be approximately1750mg vitamin E kg1diet. the present experimental conditions appears to be approximately1750mg vitamin E kg1diet. yielded di¡erences among treatments. In shrimp fed 1750 mg kg1 of vitamin E, the functional morphology of the organ was normal, with abundant secretion in the tubules. Signs of malnourishment such as cellular and nuclear retraction, desquamation of cells and hipertro¢a, were evident in the hepatopancreas of shrimp fed the other diets. The results indicate that optimal vitamin E requirement for P. muelleri under the present experimental conditions appears to be approximately1750mg vitamin E kg1diet. the present experimental conditions appears to be approximately1750mg vitamin E kg1diet. of the organ was normal, with abundant secretion in the tubules. Signs of malnourishment such as cellular and nuclear retraction, desquamation of cells and hipertro¢a, were evident in the hepatopancreas of shrimp fed the other diets. The results indicate that optimal vitamin E requirement for P. muelleri under the present experimental conditions appears to be approximately1750mg vitamin E kg1diet. the present experimental conditions appears to be approximately1750mg vitamin E kg1diet. free diet as a control (trial 2). After 30 days (trial1), survival ranged between 43% and 64%, and the percentageweight gain of the shrimp varied from 22% to 31% with no signi¢cant di¡erences among treatments (Po0.05). After 40 days (trial 2), survival of shrimp fed the diet with no vitamin E and squid mantle was signi¢cantly lower (62%) than the other treatment (86^90%). Shrimp fed diets containing vitamin E from 1250 to 1750 mg kg1 exhibited increased weight gain (34^65%); however, a signi- ¢cant di¡erence was observed for shrimp fed the diet containing 2000 mg kg1. Histological results yielded di¡erences among treatments. In shrimp fed 1750 mg kg1 of vitamin E, the functional morphology of the organ was normal, with abundant secretion in the tubules. Signs of malnourishment such as cellular and nuclear retraction, desquamation of cells and hipertro¢a, were evident in the hepatopancreas of shrimp fed the other diets. The results indicate that optimal vitamin E requirement for P. muelleri under the present experimental conditions appears to be approximately1750mg vitamin E kg1diet. the present experimental conditions appears to be approximately1750mg vitamin E kg1diet. of the organ was normal, with abundant secretion in the tubules. Signs of malnourishment such as cellular and nuclear retraction, desquamation of cells and hipertro¢a, were evident in the hepatopancreas of shrimp fed the other diets. The results indicate that optimal vitamin E requirement for P. muelleri under the present experimental conditions appears to be approximately1750mg vitamin E kg1diet. the present experimental conditions appears to be approximately1750mg vitamin E kg1diet. yielded di¡erences among treatments. In shrimp fed 1750 mg kg1 of vitamin E, the functional morphology of the organ was normal, with abundant secretion in the tubules. Signs of malnourishment such as cellular and nuclear retraction, desquamation of cells and hipertro¢a, were evident in the hepatopancreas of shrimp fed the other diets. The results indicate that optimal vitamin E requirement for P. muelleri under the present experimental conditions appears to be approximately1750mg vitamin E kg1diet. the present experimental conditions appears to be approximately1750mg vitamin E kg1diet. of the organ was normal, with abundant secretion in the tubules. Signs of malnourishment such as cellular and nuclear retraction, desquamation of cells and hipertro¢a, were evident in the hepatopancreas of shrimp fed the other diets. The results indicate that optimal vitamin E requirement for P. muelleri under the present experimental conditions appears to be approximately1750mg vitamin E kg1diet. the present experimental conditions appears to be approximately1750mg vitamin E kg1diet. weight gain (34^65%); however, a signi- ¢cant di¡erence was observed for shrimp fed the diet containing 2000 mg kg1. Histological results yielded di¡erences among treatments. In shrimp fed 1750 mg kg1 of vitamin E, the functional morphology of the organ was normal, with abundant secretion in the tubules. Signs of malnourishment such as cellular and nuclear retraction, desquamation of cells and hipertro¢a, were evident in the hepatopancreas of shrimp fed the other diets. The results indicate that optimal vitamin E requirement for P. muelleri under the present experimental conditions appears to be approximately1750mg vitamin E kg1diet. the present experimental conditions appears to be approximately1750mg vitamin E kg1diet. of the organ was normal, with abundant secretion in the tubules. Signs of malnourishment such as cellular and nuclear retraction, desquamation of cells and hipertro¢a, were evident in the hepatopancreas of shrimp fed the other diets. The results indicate that optimal vitamin E requirement for P. muelleri under the present experimental conditions appears to be approximately1750mg vitamin E kg1diet. the present experimental conditions appears to be approximately1750mg vitamin E kg1diet. yielded di¡erences among treatments. In shrimp fed 1750 mg kg1 of vitamin E, the functional morphology of the organ was normal, with abundant secretion in the tubules. Signs of malnourishment such as cellular and nuclear retraction, desquamation of cells and hipertro¢a, were evident in the hepatopancreas of shrimp fed the other diets. The results indicate that optimal vitamin E requirement for P. muelleri under the present experimental conditions appears to be approximately1750mg vitamin E kg1diet. the present experimental conditions appears to be approximately1750mg vitamin E kg1diet. of the organ was normal, with abundant secretion in the tubules. Signs of malnourishment such as cellular and nuclear retraction, desquamation of cells and hipertro¢a, were evident in the hepatopancreas of shrimp fed the other diets. The results indicate that optimal vitamin E requirement for P. muelleri under the present experimental conditions appears to be approximately1750mg vitamin E kg1diet. the present experimental conditions appears to be approximately1750mg vitamin E kg1diet. of shrimp fed the diet with no vitamin E and squid mantle was signi¢cantly lower (62%) than the other treatment (86^90%). Shrimp fed diets containing vitamin E from 1250 to 1750 mg kg1 exhibited increased weight gain (34^65%); however, a signi- ¢cant di¡erence was observed for shrimp fed the diet containing 2000 mg kg1. Histological results yielded di¡erences among treatments. In shrimp fed 1750 mg kg1 of vitamin E, the functional morphology of the organ was normal, with abundant secretion in the tubules. Signs of malnourishment such as cellular and nuclear retraction, desquamation of cells and hipertro¢a, were evident in the hepatopancreas of shrimp fed the other diets. The results indicate that optimal vitamin E requirement for P. muelleri under the present experimental conditions appears to be approximately1750mg vitamin E kg1diet. the present experimental conditions appears to be approximately1750mg vitamin E kg1diet. of the organ was normal, with abundant secretion in the tubules. Signs of malnourishment such as cellular and nuclear retraction, desquamation of cells and hipertro¢a, were evident in the hepatopancreas of shrimp fed the other diets. The results indicate that optimal vitamin E requirement for P. muelleri under the present experimental conditions appears to be approximately1750mg vitamin E kg1diet. the present experimental conditions appears to be approximately1750mg vitamin E kg1diet. yielded di¡erences among treatments. In shrimp fed 1750 mg kg1 of vitamin E, the functional morphology of the organ was normal, with abundant secretion in the tubules. Signs of malnourishment such as cellular and nuclear retraction, desquamation of cells and hipertro¢a, were evident in the hepatopancreas of shrimp fed the other diets. The results indicate that optimal vitamin E requirement for P. muelleri under the present experimental conditions appears to be approximately1750mg vitamin E kg1diet. the present experimental conditions appears to be approximately1750mg vitamin E kg1diet. of the organ was normal, with abundant secretion in the tubules. Signs of malnourishment such as cellular and nuclear retraction, desquamation of cells and hipertro¢a, were evident in the hepatopancreas of shrimp fed the other diets. The results indicate that optimal vitamin E requirement for P. muelleri under the present experimental conditions appears to be approximately1750mg vitamin E kg1diet. the present experimental conditions appears to be approximately1750mg vitamin E kg1diet. weight gain (34^65%); however, a signi- ¢cant di¡erence was observed for shrimp fed the diet containing 2000 mg kg1. Histological results yielded di¡erences among treatments. In shrimp fed 1750 mg kg1 of vitamin E, the functional morphology of the organ was normal, with abundant secretion in the tubules. Signs of malnourishment such as cellular and nuclear retraction, desquamation of cells and hipertro¢a, were evident in the hepatopancreas of shrimp fed the other diets. The results indicate that optimal vitamin E requirement for P. muelleri under the present experimental conditions appears to be approximately1750mg vitamin E kg1diet. the present experimental conditions appears to be approximately1750mg vitamin E kg1diet. of the organ was normal, with abundant secretion in the tubules. Signs of malnourishment such as cellular and nuclear retraction, desquamation of cells and hipertro¢a, were evident in the hepatopancreas of shrimp fed the other diets. The results indicate that optimal vitamin E requirement for P. muelleri under the present experimental conditions appears to be approximately1750mg vitamin E kg1diet. the present experimental conditions appears to be approximately1750mg vitamin E kg1diet. yielded di¡erences among treatments. In shrimp fed 1750 mg kg1 of vitamin E, the functional morphology of the organ was normal, with abundant secretion in the tubules. Signs of malnourishment such as cellular and nuclear retraction, desquamation of cells and hipertro¢a, were evident in the hepatopancreas of shrimp fed the other diets. The results indicate that optimal vitamin E requirement for P. muelleri under the present experimental conditions appears to be approximately1750mg vitamin E kg1diet. the present experimental conditions appears to be approximately1750mg vitamin E kg1diet. of the organ was normal, with abundant secretion in the tubules. Signs of malnourishment such as cellular and nuclear retraction, desquamation of cells and hipertro¢a, were evident in the hepatopancreas of shrimp fed the other diets. The results indicate that optimal vitamin E requirement for P. muelleri under the present experimental conditions appears to be approximately1750mg vitamin E kg1diet. the present experimental conditions appears to be approximately1750mg vitamin E kg1diet. or 2000mg vitamin E kg1diet, squidmantle and vitamin- free diet as a control (trial 2). After 30 days (trial1), survival ranged between 43% and 64%, and the percentageweight gain of the shrimp varied from 22% to 31% with no signi¢cant di¡erences among treatments (Po0.05). After 40 days (trial 2), survival of shrimp fed the diet with no vitamin E and squid mantle was signi¢cantly lower (62%) than the other treatment (86^90%). Shrimp fed diets containing vitamin E from 1250 to 1750 mg kg1 exhibited increased weight gain (34^65%); however, a signi- ¢cant di¡erence was observed for shrimp fed the diet containing 2000 mg kg1. Histological results yielded di¡erences among treatments. In shrimp fed 1750 mg kg1 of vitamin E, the functional morphology of the organ was normal, with abundant secretion in the tubules. Signs of malnourishment such as cellular and nuclear retraction, desquamation of cells and hipertro¢a, were evident in the hepatopancreas of shrimp fed the other diets. The results indicate that optimal vitamin E requirement for P. muelleri under the present experimental conditions appears to be approximately1750mg vitamin E kg1diet. the present experimental conditions appears to be approximately1750mg vitamin E kg1diet. of the organ was normal, with abundant secretion in the tubules. Signs of malnourishment such as cellular and nuclear retraction, desquamation of cells and hipertro¢a, were evident in the hepatopancreas of shrimp fed the other diets. The results indicate that optimal vitamin E requirement for P. muelleri under the present experimental conditions appears to be approximately1750mg vitamin E kg1diet. the present experimental conditions appears to be approximately1750mg vitamin E kg1diet. yielded di¡erences among treatments. In shrimp fed 1750 mg kg1 of vitamin E, the functional morphology of the organ was normal, with abundant secretion in the tubules. Signs of malnourishment such as cellular and nuclear retraction, desquamation of cells and hipertro¢a, were evident in the hepatopancreas of shrimp fed the other diets. The results indicate that optimal vitamin E requirement for P. muelleri under the present experimental conditions appears to be approximately1750mg vitamin E kg1diet. the present experimental conditions appears to be approximately1750mg vitamin E kg1diet. of the organ was normal, with abundant secretion in the tubules. Signs of malnourishment such as cellular and nuclear retraction, desquamation of cells and hipertro¢a, were evident in the hepatopancreas of shrimp fed the other diets. The results indicate that optimal vitamin E requirement for P. muelleri under the present experimental conditions appears to be approximately1750mg vitamin E kg1diet. the present experimental conditions appears to be approximately1750mg vitamin E kg1diet. weight gain (34^65%); however, a signi- ¢cant di¡erence was observed for shrimp fed the diet containing 2000 mg kg1. Histological results yielded di¡erences among treatments. In shrimp fed 1750 mg kg1 of vitamin E, the functional morphology of the organ was normal, with abundant secretion in the tubules. Signs of malnourishment such as cellular and nuclear retraction, desquamation of cells and hipertro¢a, were evident in the hepatopancreas of shrimp fed the other diets. The results indicate that optimal vitamin E requirement for P. muelleri under the present experimental conditions appears to be approximately1750mg vitamin E kg1diet. the present experimental conditions appears to be approximately1750mg vitamin E kg1diet. of the organ was normal, with abundant secretion in the tubules. Signs of malnourishment such as cellular and nuclear retraction, desquamation of cells and hipertro¢a, were evident in the hepatopancreas of shrimp fed the other diets. The results indicate that optimal vitamin E requirement for P. muelleri under the present experimental conditions appears to be approximately1750mg vitamin E kg1diet. the present experimental conditions appears to be approximately1750mg vitamin E kg1diet. yielded di¡erences among treatments. In shrimp fed 1750 mg kg1 of vitamin E, the functional morphology of the organ was normal, with abundant secretion in the tubules. Signs of malnourishment such as cellular and nuclear retraction, desquamation of cells and hipertro¢a, were evident in the hepatopancreas of shrimp fed the other diets. The results indicate that optimal vitamin E requirement for P. muelleri under the present experimental conditions appears to be approximately1750mg vitamin E kg1diet. the present experimental conditions appears to be approximately1750mg vitamin E kg1diet. of the organ was normal, with abundant secretion in the tubules. Signs of malnourishment such as cellular and nuclear retraction, desquamation of cells and hipertro¢a, were evident in the hepatopancreas of shrimp fed the other diets. The results indicate that optimal vitamin E requirement for P. muelleri under the present experimental conditions appears to be approximately1750mg vitamin E kg1diet. the present experimental conditions appears to be approximately1750mg vitamin E kg1diet. of shrimp fed the diet with no vitamin E and squid mantle was signi¢cantly lower (62%) than the other treatment (86^90%). Shrimp fed diets containing vitamin E from 1250 to 1750 mg kg1 exhibited increased weight gain (34^65%); however, a signi- ¢cant di¡erence was observed for shrimp fed the diet containing 2000 mg kg1. Histological results yielded di¡erences among treatments. In shrimp fed 1750 mg kg1 of vitamin E, the functional morphology of the organ was normal, with abundant secretion in the tubules. Signs of malnourishment such as cellular and nuclear retraction, desquamation of cells and hipertro¢a, were evident in the hepatopancreas of shrimp fed the other diets. The results indicate that optimal vitamin E requirement for P. muelleri under the present experimental conditions appears to be approximately1750mg vitamin E kg1diet. the present experimental conditions appears to be approximately1750mg vitamin E kg1diet. of the organ was normal, with abundant secretion in the tubules. Signs of malnourishment such as cellular and nuclear retraction, desquamation of cells and hipertro¢a, were evident in the hepatopancreas of shrimp fed the other diets. The results indicate that optimal vitamin E requirement for P. muelleri under the present experimental conditions appears to be approximately1750mg vitamin E kg1diet. the present experimental conditions appears to be approximately1750mg vitamin E kg1diet. yielded di¡erences among treatments. In shrimp fed 1750 mg kg1 of vitamin E, the functional morphology of the organ was normal, with abundant secretion in the tubules. Signs of malnourishment such as cellular and nuclear retraction, desquamation of cells and hipertro¢a, were evident in the hepatopancreas of shrimp fed the other diets. The results indicate that optimal vitamin E requirement for P. muelleri under the present experimental conditions appears to be approximately1750mg vitamin E kg1diet. the present experimental conditions appears to be approximately1750mg vitamin E kg1diet. of the organ was normal, with abundant secretion in the tubules. Signs of malnourishment such as cellular and nuclear retraction, desquamation of cells and hipertro¢a, were evident in the hepatopancreas of shrimp fed the other diets. The results indicate that optimal vitamin E requirement for P. muelleri under the present experimental conditions appears to be approximately1750mg vitamin E kg1diet. the present experimental conditions appears to be approximately1750mg vitamin E kg1diet. weight gain (34^65%); however, a signi- ¢cant di¡erence was observed for shrimp fed the diet containing 2000 mg kg1. Histological results yielded di¡erences among treatments. In shrimp fed 1750 mg kg1 of vitamin E, the functional morphology of the organ was normal, with abundant secretion in the tubules. Signs of malnourishment such as cellular and nuclear retraction, desquamation of cells and hipertro¢a, were evident in the hepatopancreas of shrimp fed the other diets. The results indicate that optimal vitamin E requirement for P. muelleri under the present experimental conditions appears to be approximately1750mg vitamin E kg1diet. the present experimental conditions appears to be approximately1750mg vitamin E kg1diet. of the organ was normal, with abundant secretion in the tubules. Signs of malnourishment such as cellular and nuclear retraction, desquamation of cells and hipertro¢a, were evident in the hepatopancreas of shrimp fed the other diets. The results indicate that optimal vitamin E requirement for P. muelleri under the present experimental conditions appears to be approximately1750mg vitamin E kg1diet. the present experimental conditions appears to be approximately1750mg vitamin E kg1diet. yielded di¡erences among treatments. In shrimp fed 1750 mg kg1 of vitamin E, the functional morphology of the organ was normal, with abundant secretion in the tubules. Signs of malnourishment such as cellular and nuclear retraction, desquamation of cells and hipertro¢a, were evident in the hepatopancreas of shrimp fed the other diets. The results indicate that optimal vitamin E requirement for P. muelleri under the present experimental conditions appears to be approximately1750mg vitamin E kg1diet. the present experimental conditions appears to be approximately1750mg vitamin E kg1diet. of the organ was normal, with abundant secretion in the tubules. Signs of malnourishment such as cellular and nuclear retraction, desquamation of cells and hipertro¢a, were evident in the hepatopancreas of shrimp fed the other diets. The results indicate that optimal vitamin E requirement for P. muelleri under the present experimental conditions appears to be approximately1750mg vitamin E kg1diet. the present experimental conditions appears to be approximately1750mg vitamin E kg1diet.

enviar mensaje