CERZOS   05458
CENTRO DE RECURSOS NATURALES RENOVABLES DE LA ZONA SEMIARIDA
Unidad Ejecutora - UE
artículos
Título:
A REVIEW ON INVASIVE PLANTS IN RANGELANDS OF ARGENTINA
Autor/es:
BUSSO, C.A., BENTIVEGNA, D., FERNÀNDEZ, O.A.
Revista:
INTERCIENCIA
Editorial:
INTERCIENCIA
Referencias:
Lugar: Caracas; Año: 2013 vol. 38 p. 95 - 103
ISSN:
0378-1844
Resumen:
In Argentina, information on invasive plants is restricted to
croplands, while no information is available on rangelands. Our
objectives were to 1) identify and describe various characteristics
of the most important non-native species that have become invasive
and widespread in major rangeland territories of Argentina;
2) summarize the biological information about some naturalized,
non-native species with potential to transform natural plant communities,
and 3) discuss strategies for plant invasion management
and biodiversity conservation in local rangeland ecosystems. The
invasive species most represented at local, regional or state scale
studies were Acroptilon repens, Centaurea solstitialis, Eleagnus
angustifolia, Medicago minima, Chondrilla juncea, Dipsacus sativus
and Sorghum halepense. Successful invasion and naturalization
rates have been the result of several combined ecological
traits: 1) capacity to produce allelophatic compounds, 2)
deep rooting, 3) high module density, 4) rapid vegetative spread
aboveground, 5) various traits that make species highly competitive,
6) tolerance to shading and water stress, 7) ability to take
advantage of disturbances, 8) high seed production, germination
and dispersal, and 9) high viability of residual seed banks. The
determination of the abundance of invasive species at country
scale, and their ecological and economical damage, are objectives
of future research. This information will be a critical tool
to make decisions on the need to control invasive species. Ecological
studies providing understanding of the strategies which
make an invader species a successful competitor are critical, and
should be the first step to establish policies for control of invasive
species and use of rangelands.