INVESTIGADORES
LOPEZ CAMELO Jorge Santiago
artículos
Título:
Heterogeneous Rates for Birth-Defects in Latin-America - Hints on Causality
Autor/es:
LOPEZ CAMELO, JS; ORIOLI, IM
Revista:
GENETIC EPIDEMIOLOGY
Editorial:
WILEY-LISS, DIV JOHN WILEY & SONS INC
Referencias:
Año: 1996 vol. 13 p. 469 - 481
ISSN:
0741-0395
Resumen:
The aim of this work was to disclose risk factors associated with birth defects which
were heterogeneously distributed in the different geographic regions sampled by
the Latin American Collaborative Study of Congenital Malformations (ECLAMC).
The material included 2,159,065 hospital births, delivered in the 1967-1989 period
in 24 geographic regions of Latin America. Birth defect types with 50 case-control
pairs or more were analyzed. A risk factor was defined as that available variable
with differential geographic rates, correlated with those of a given birth defect
type. Identified factors were tested by case-control multivariate logistic regression
to confirm their role in the occurrence of the defect. Altitude and maternal acute
illness during first trimester of pregnancy, named influenza, were risk factors for
microtia. Prenatal drug exposure, mainly sex hormones, were connected with the
occurrence of hypospadias in low frequency areas, while Native ancestry was a
?protective? factor in the same regions. Acute (influenza), and chronic (epilepsy
and syphilis) maternal illness during first trimester of pregnancy and gravidity
higher than four were risk factors for cleft lip. The independence of these variables
from maternal age suggested that low maternal socioeconomic level could explain
the high birth defect order and, perhaps, syphilis in mothers. Postaxial polydactyly
was associated with parental consanguinity, as well as Afro-American ancestry,
suggesting genetic heterogeneity. 0 1996 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
from maternal age suggested that low maternal socioeconomic level could explain
the high birth defect order and, perhaps, syphilis in mothers. Postaxial polydactyly
was associated with parental consanguinity, as well as Afro-American ancestry,
suggesting genetic heterogeneity. 0 1996 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
from maternal age suggested that low maternal socioeconomic level could explain
the high birth defect order and, perhaps, syphilis in mothers. Postaxial polydactyly
was associated with parental consanguinity, as well as Afro-American ancestry,
suggesting genetic heterogeneity. 0 1996 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
pairs or more were analyzed. A risk factor was defined as that available variable
with differential geographic rates, correlated with those of a given birth defect
type. Identified factors were tested by case-control multivariate logistic regression
to confirm their role in the occurrence of the defect. Altitude and maternal acute
illness during first trimester of pregnancy, named influenza, were risk factors for
microtia. Prenatal drug exposure, mainly sex hormones, were connected with the
occurrence of hypospadias in low frequency areas, while Native ancestry was a
?protective? factor in the same regions. Acute (influenza), and chronic (epilepsy
and syphilis) maternal illness during first trimester of pregnancy and gravidity
higher than four were risk factors for cleft lip. The independence of these variables
from maternal age suggested that low maternal socioeconomic level could explain
the high birth defect order and, perhaps, syphilis in mothers. Postaxial polydactyly
was associated with parental consanguinity, as well as Afro-American ancestry,
suggesting genetic heterogeneity. 0 1996 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
from maternal age suggested that low maternal socioeconomic level could explain
the high birth defect order and, perhaps, syphilis in mothers. Postaxial polydactyly
was associated with parental consanguinity, as well as Afro-American ancestry,
suggesting genetic heterogeneity. 0 1996 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
from maternal age suggested that low maternal socioeconomic level could explain
the high birth defect order and, perhaps, syphilis in mothers. Postaxial polydactyly
was associated with parental consanguinity, as well as Afro-American ancestry,
suggesting genetic heterogeneity. 0 1996 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
pairs or more were analyzed. A risk factor was defined as that available variable
with differential geographic rates, correlated with those of a given birth defect
type. Identified factors were tested by case-control multivariate logistic regression
to confirm their role in the occurrence of the defect. Altitude and maternal acute
illness during first trimester of pregnancy, named influenza, were risk factors for
microtia. Prenatal drug exposure, mainly sex hormones, were connected with the
occurrence of hypospadias in low frequency areas, while Native ancestry was a
?protective? factor in the same regions. Acute (influenza), and chronic (epilepsy
and syphilis) maternal illness during first trimester of pregnancy and gravidity
higher than four were risk factors for cleft lip. The independence of these variables
from maternal age suggested that low maternal socioeconomic level could explain
the high birth defect order and, perhaps, syphilis in mothers. Postaxial polydactyly
was associated with parental consanguinity, as well as Afro-American ancestry,
suggesting genetic heterogeneity. 0 1996 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
from maternal age suggested that low maternal socioeconomic level could explain
the high birth defect order and, perhaps, syphilis in mothers. Postaxial polydactyly
was associated with parental consanguinity, as well as Afro-American ancestry,
suggesting genetic heterogeneity. 0 1996 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
from maternal age suggested that low maternal socioeconomic level could explain
the high birth defect order and, perhaps, syphilis in mothers. Postaxial polydactyly
was associated with parental consanguinity, as well as Afro-American ancestry,
suggesting genetic heterogeneity. 0 1996 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
24 geographic regions of Latin America. Birth defect types with 50 case-control
pairs or more were analyzed. A risk factor was defined as that available variable
with differential geographic rates, correlated with those of a given birth defect
type. Identified factors were tested by case-control multivariate logistic regression
to confirm their role in the occurrence of the defect. Altitude and maternal acute
illness during first trimester of pregnancy, named influenza, were risk factors for
microtia. Prenatal drug exposure, mainly sex hormones, were connected with the
occurrence of hypospadias in low frequency areas, while Native ancestry was a
?protective? factor in the same regions. Acute (influenza), and chronic (epilepsy
and syphilis) maternal illness during first trimester of pregnancy and gravidity
higher than four were risk factors for cleft lip. The independence of these variables
from maternal age suggested that low maternal socioeconomic level could explain
the high birth defect order and, perhaps, syphilis in mothers. Postaxial polydactyly
was associated with parental consanguinity, as well as Afro-American ancestry,
suggesting genetic heterogeneity. 0 1996 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
from maternal age suggested that low maternal socioeconomic level could explain
the high birth defect order and, perhaps, syphilis in mothers. Postaxial polydactyly
was associated with parental consanguinity, as well as Afro-American ancestry,
suggesting genetic heterogeneity. 0 1996 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
from maternal age suggested that low maternal socioeconomic level could explain
the high birth defect order and, perhaps, syphilis in mothers. Postaxial polydactyly
was associated with parental consanguinity, as well as Afro-American ancestry,
suggesting genetic heterogeneity. 0 1996 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
of these variables
from maternal age suggested that low maternal socioeconomic level could explain
the high birth defect order and, perhaps, syphilis in mothers. Postaxial polydactyly
was associated with parental consanguinity, as well as Afro-American ancestry,
suggesting genetic heterogeneity. 0 1996 Wiley-Liss, Inc.0 1996 Wiley-Liss, Inc.